Observational studyAddiction (Abingdon, England)2022
Mortality in the SuperMIX cohort of people who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia: a prospective observational study.
Observational study in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comprehensive needle and syringe program and opioid agonist therapy reduce HIV and hepatitis c virus acquisition among people who inject drugs in different settings: A pooled analysis of emulated trials.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Pooled it
- All-cause mortality and overdose deaths among 4192 people who inject drugs in Stockholm: a 10-year register-based cohort study.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Mortality and return to custody of individuals with a history of drug use one year post-release from the New South Wales custodial system.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Mortality in the SuperMIX cohort of people who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia: a prospective observational study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Observational
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo measure mortality rates and factors associated with mortality risk among participants in the SuperMIX study, a prospective cohort study of people who inject drugs.
designA prospective observational study using self-reported behavioural and linked mortality data.
settingMelbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS/CASES: A total of 1209 people who inject drugs (67% male) followed-up between 2008 and 2019 for 6913 person-years (PY). MEASUREMENTS: We linked participant identifiers from SuperMIX to the Australian National Death Index and estimated all-cause and drug-related mortality rates and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs). We used Cox regression to examine associations between mortality and fixed and time-varying socio-demographic, alcohol and other drug use and health service-related exposures.
findingsBetween 2008 and 2019 there were 76 deaths in the SuperMIX cohort. Of those with a known cause of death (n = 68), 35 (51%) were drug-related, yielding an all-cause mortality rate of 1.1 per 100 PY [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.88-1.37] with an estimated SMR of 16.64 (95% CI = 13.29-20.83) and overall accidental drug-induced mortality rate of 0.5 per 100 PY (95% CI = 0.36-0.71). Reports of recent use of ambulance services [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 3.77, 95% CI =1.78-7.97] and four or more incarcerations (aHR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.55-4.99) were associated with increased mortality risk.
conclusionsIn Melbourne, Australia, mortality among people who inject drugs appears to be positively associated with recent ambulance attendance and experience of incarceration.
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