ReviewFrontiers in integrative neuroscience2022
Proteoglycan Sulphation in the Function of the Mature Central Nervous System.
Review in Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heparan sulfate and glycomimetics: Advances in synthesis and biological applications for post-stroke neurorepair.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Master Regulators of Cellular Signaling, Tissue Development, and Neural Function.Journal of neuroscience research · 2026Review
- Conductive Hydrogels for Exogenous Sensing and Cell Fate Control.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Extracellular matrix remodelling in neurological diseases.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Article
- Proteoglycans are protagonists in autophagy, lymphangiogenesis, and neurodegenerative diseases.Trends in cell biology · 2026Review
- Current Pharmacotherapeutic Strategies in Diffuse Gliomas: Focus on Glioblastoma, IDH-Wildtype, and Emerging Targeted Therapies for IDH-Mutant Tumors.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Activity-dependent extracellular proteolytic cascade cleaves the ECM component brevican to promote structural plasticity.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in neural plasticity, memory, and epileptogenesis.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Mechanobiology of hippocampal neurogenesis: directing neural stem cell fate through physical cues.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Midbrain extracellular matrix and microglia are associated with cognition in aging mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Increased levels of HAPLN2, which anchors dense extracellular matrix, in the hippocampus of APOE4 targeted replacement mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- MMP-2/9 inhibition modulates sharp wave abundance, inhibitory proteoglycan sulfation, and fear memory in juvenile zebrafish: relevance to affective disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Orchestrating the Matrix: The Role of Glial Cells and Systemic Signals in Perineuronal Net Dynamics.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Increased Immunoglobulin and Proteoglycan Synthesis in Resected Hippocampal Tissue Predicts Post-Surgical Seizure Recurrence in Human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms of proteoglycan-mediated semaphorin signaling in axon guidance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- The Role of Cerebellar Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability, Synaptic Plasticity, and Perineuronal Nets in Eyeblink Conditioning.Biology · 2024Review
- Article
- Assessing translational applicability of perineuronal net dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease across species.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- The Glycosaminoglycan Side Chains and Modular Core Proteins of Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and the Varied Ways They Provide Tissue Protection by Regulating Physiological Processes and Cellular Behaviour.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chondroitin sulphate and heparan sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGS and HSPGs) are found throughout the central nervous system (CNS). CSPGs are ubiquitous in the diffuse extracellular matrix (ECM) between cells and are a major component of perineuronal nets (PNNs), the condensed ECM present around some neurons. HSPGs are more associated with the surface of neurons and glia, with synapses and in the PNNs. Both CSPGs and HSPGs consist of a protein core to which are attached repeating disaccharide chains modified by sulphation at various positions. The sequence of sulphation gives the chains a unique structure and local charge density. These sulphation codes govern the binding properties and biological effects of the proteoglycans. CSPGs are sulphated along their length, the main forms being 6- and 4-sulphated. In general, the chondroitin 4-sulphates are inhibitory to cell attachment and migration, while chondroitin 6-sulphates are more permissive. HSPGs tend to be sulphated in isolated motifs with un-sulphated regions in between. The sulphation patterns of HS motifs and of CS glycan chains govern their binding to the PTPsigma receptor and binding of many effector molecules to the proteoglycans, such as growth factors, morphogens, and molecules involved in neurodegenerative disease. Sulphation patterns change as a result of injury, inflammation and ageing. For CSPGs, attention has focussed on PNNs and their role in the control of plasticity and memory, and on the soluble CSPGs upregulated in glial scar tissue that can inhibit axon regeneration. HSPGs have key roles in development, regulating cell migration and axon growth. In the adult CNS, they have been associated with tau aggregation and amyloid-beta processing, synaptogenesis, growth factor signalling and as a component of the stem cell niche. These functions of CSPGs and HSPGs are strongly influenced by the pattern of sulphation of the glycan chains, the sulphation code. This review focuses on these sulphation patterns and their effects on the function of the mature CNS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.