ArticleFrontiers in public health2022
Sex Disparity in Myopia Explained by Puberty Among Chinese Adolescents From 1995 to 2014: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Six-month repeated irradiation of 650 nm low-level red light reduces the risk of myopia in children: a randomized controlled trial.International ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- [Analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2022].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2026Article
- Gender disparities in the burden of vision impairment and regional environmental susceptibility among Chinese children and adolescents.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- The incidence of myopia and the factors associated with it among primary and junior high school students in Shihezi, China, a cohort study based on the SHAP model.BMC public health · 2026Observational
- Current status and influencing factors of fertility preservation in pediatric and adolescent patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in China.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and incidence of myopia and high myopia among children and adolescents in Qingdao, China (2022-2024): a longitudinal study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Association between refraction characteristics and anthropometrics in 7- to 10-year-old Chinese primary school students.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Myopia in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Malaysian Prevalence Studies.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2026Review
- The early onset of puberty and at the early onset of myopia: a cross-sectional evidence from girls at age 12 in Chongqing, China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Combining visual acuity with refraction reduces overestimation of myopia prevalence in school screenings: an age-stratified analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Three-year surveillance of myopia trends and urban-rural disparities among schoolchildren in a Coastal City of Southern China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Refraction Disorders in Children and Adolescents From 2010 to 2021.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional study of myopia prevalence and associated risk factors among children and adolescents in Shaanxi Province, China, in 2021.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Trajectories and predictors of spherical equivalent among multiethnic school-aged children in Southwest China: a 2.5-year cohort study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Interaction effect of age and axial length-to-corneal radius ratio on myopia in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study in China.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of Myopia Occurrence, Development, and Correction in Primary School Students in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Research on the predictive performance of using ROC curve to evaluate axial length for myopia in children and adolescents.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Association between age at menarche and the risk of myopia at the age of 15 in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- A study on the status of myopia and pre-myopia among primary school students in different regions of Shaanxi Province, China.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: Girls in East Asia have a higher myopia prevalence than boys. Less research has been done on whether girls' earlier puberty could explain this sex difference. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between myopia and puberty and the role of puberty in explaining the sex disparity in adolescent myopia prevalence. Design Setting and Participants: In this nationwide cross-sectional study, data came from five consecutive national surveys from 1995 to 2014 in China. We included 338,896 boys aged 11-18 and 439,481 girls aged 9-18. Main Outcomes and Measures: Myopia was defined according to unaided distance visual acuity and subjective refraction; puberty status was defined dichotomously as menarche or spermarche status. The association between myopia and puberty was evaluated by robust Poisson GEE regression. Mediation analyses were used to quantify how much of the sex disparity in myopia could be explained by puberty. Results: Post-menarche girls and post-spermarche boys showed 29-41% and 8-19% higher risk of myopia than pre-menarche girls and pre-spermarche boys, respectively. The association remained significant in girls [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.07, 95%CI:1.04-1.10] but disappeared in boys ( Conclusion and Relevance: Puberty status is independently associated with myopia in girls but not in boys. A significant proportion of the sex disparity in adolescent myopia could be explained by girls' earlier puberty, suggesting the need to consider sex-differentiated strategies for myopia prevention and treatment.
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