ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
The Effect of Age, Gender and Comorbidities Upon SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Induction After Two Doses of Sinopharm Vaccine and the Effect of a Pfizer/BioNtech Booster Vaccine.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- An outlook on clinical and demographic variables in patients with severe COVID-19 across different waves in Mexico and SARS-CoV-2 variants: data from two high-specialty centers.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Impaired antibody responses to heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 vaccination in individuals with type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- SOCS Proteins: Key Players in Immune Regulation During SARS-CoV-2 Infection.European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- A 22 month prospective assessment of neutralizing and IgG antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 variants following homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 boosting.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antibody Response after Homologous and Heterologous Prime-Boost COVID-19 Vaccination in a Bangladeshi Residential University Cohort.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 by vaccination status: a multicenter historical cohort study.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Effect of vaccine dose onJournal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy of BBIBP-CorV Inactivated Vaccine Combined with BNT62b2 mRNA Booster Vaccine.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antibody Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Healthcare Workers: Which One is More Successful? Homologous or Heterologous?Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni · 2023Article
- Review
- Anti-Spike and Neutralizing Antibodies after Two Doses of COVID-19 Sinopharm/BIBP Vaccine.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children aged 3-11 years and the positivity in unvaccinated children: A retrospective, single-center study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 emerged in China in 2019 and has since travelled the world infecting millions. SARS-CoV-2 causes Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), that has to date taken over 4 million lives. The Kingdom of Bahrain's vaccine roll-out has consisted of Sinopharm's BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and Pfizer/BioNtech's BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNtech). Testing for SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike (S) antibodies is a useful technique in estimating an individual's immune protection against the infection. In this study we evaluated S antibody levels by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay in 379 individuals double vaccinated with Sinopharm and 15 of whom were given a booster with the Pfizer/BioNtech vaccine. Among our double vaccinated cohort, we found a spectrum of S antibody levels. Indeed, we found that a significant proportion of individuals with low S antibody levels had clinical conditions, which were mainly immune-related disorders. Furthermore, a significant proportion of individuals with low S antibody levels were above 50 years of age. Finally, we observed a significant increase in S antibody levels after the Pfizer/BioNtech booster was administered. These findings reveal that while a large proportion of Sinopharm vaccinated individuals did not develop high levels of antibodies against the S protein, a booster dose of the Pfizer/BioNtech vaccine significantly enhances S antibody levels, revealing this "triple dose" vaccination strategy as a useful method of ensuring protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
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