ArticleThe Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association2023
Impact of mandatory COVID-19 shelter-in-place order on controlled substance use among rural versus urban communities in the United States.
Article in The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- County-Level COVID-19 Policy Comprehensiveness and Adult Behavioral Health during 2021 : County-Level COVID-19 Policy and Adult Behavioral Health.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- States' COVID-19 policy contexts and suicide rates among US working-age adults.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Pregnancy-Associated Mortality During the Pandemic: Disparities by Rurality.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- State COVID-19 Policies and Drug Overdose Mortality Among Working-Age Adults in the United States, 2020.American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Impact of mandatory COVID-19 shelter-in-place order on controlled substance use among rural versus urban communities in the United States.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2023Article
- Vision health perspectives onFrontiers in toxicology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeMandatory COVID-19 shelter-in-place (SIP) orders have been imposed to fight the pandemic. They may also have led to unintended consequences of increased use of controlled substances especially among rural communities due to increased social isolation. Using the data from the American Association of Poison Control Centers, this study tests the hypothesis that the poison control centers received higher rates of calls related to exposures to controlled substances from rural counties than they did from urban counties during the SIP period.
methodsCall counts received by the poison control centers between October 19, 2019 and July 6, 2020 due to exposure to controlled substance (methamphetamine, opioids, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and other narcotics) were aggregated to per-county-per-month-per-10,000 population exposure rates. A falsification test was conducted to reduce the possibility of spurious correlations.
findingsDuring the study period, 2,649 counties in the United States had mandatory SIP orders. The rate of calls reporting exposure to any of the aforementioned controlled substances among the rural counties was higher (14%; P = .047) relative to the urban counties. This overall increase was due to increases in the rates of calls reporting exposure to opioids (26%; P = .017) and methamphetamine (39%; P = .077). Moreover, the rate of calls reporting exposures at home was also higher among the rural counties (14%; P = .069).
conclusionThe mandatory SIP orders may have had an unintended consequence of exacerbating the use of controlled substances at home in rural communities relative to urban communities.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.