Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35709579›Full record

ReviewHearing research2022

Cochlear implants: Causes, effects and mitigation strategies for the foreign body response and inflammation.

Muhammad T Rahman, Divya A Chari, Gail Ishiyama, Ivan Lopez, Alicia M Quesnel, Akira Ishiyama, Joseph B Nadol, Marlan R Hansen

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Hearing research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Regional analysis of impedance shifts in paediatric cochlear implantation: insights into early electrode-tissue interface dynamics.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Cochlear Implant Electrode Impedance in Standard and Dexamethasone-Eluting Electrode Arrays.Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Robot-assisted vs. manual cochlear implant electrode array insertion in four children.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Effects of Cochlear Implantation and Steroids on the Aging Guinea Pig Cochlea.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Muhammad T RahmanDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Divya A ChariDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Gail IshiyamaDepartment of Head & Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, LA, USA.
Ivan LopezDepartment of Head & Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, LA, USA.
Alicia M QuesnelDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Akira IshiyamaDepartment of Head & Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, LA, USA.
Joseph B NadolDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Marlan R HansenDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. Electronic address: marlan-hansen@uiowa.edu.
Harvard University · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of Iowa · US

Funding

Speech Production &LanguageP50DC000242 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI Bruce Jay Gantz · 1989 to 2026
$58.8M
The University of Iowa Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR002537 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI HANSEN, MARLAN R, WINOKUR, PATRICIA · 2018 to 2022
$20.0M
The University of Iowa Clinical and Translational Science AwardU54TR001356 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI WINOKUR, PATRICIA · 2015 to 2016
$7.1M
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE HUMAN INNER EARR01DC000152 · NIDCD · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI NADOL, JOSEPH B · 1989 to 2020
$6.9M
NIDCD National Temporal Bone, Hearing and Balance Pathology Resource RegistryU24DC013983 · NIDCD · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI LIBERMAN, M. CHARLES, QUESNEL, ALICIA M · 2014 to 2025
$6.5M
Reduction of Intracochlear Trauma and Fibrosis Using Dual Network, Zwitterionic Hydrogel Thin Films on Cochlear Implant SurfacesR01DC012578 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI Allan Guymon, Marlan R Hansen · 2013 to 2026
$6.3M
The Human Temporal Bone Laboratory Resource for Basic and Applied Inner Ear SciencesU24DC015910 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ISHIYAMA, AKIRA · 2017 to 2022
$4.2M
Role of Macrophages on Tissue Remodeling Following Cochlear ImplantationR01DC018488 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI Marlan R Hansen · 2020 to 2026
$2.8M
NCATS NIH HHS U54 TR001356NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002537NIDCD NIH HHS P50 DC000242NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC000152NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC012578NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC018488NIDCD NIH HHS U24 DC013983NIDCD NIH HHS U24 DC015910
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cochlear implants provide effective auditory rehabilitation for patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. Recent advances in cochlear implant technology and surgical approaches have enabled a greater number of patients to benefit from this technology, including those with significant residual low frequency acoustic hearing. Nearly all cochleae implanted with a cochlear implant electrode array develop an inflammatory and fibrotic response. This tissue reaction can have deleterious consequences for implant function, residual acoustic hearing, and the development of the next generation of cochlear prosthetics. This article reviews the current understanding of the inflammatory/foreign body response (FBR) after cochlear implant surgery, its impact on clinical outcome, and therapeutic strategies to mitigate this response. Findings from both in human subjects and animal models across a variety of species are highlighted. Electrode array design, surgical techniques, implant materials, and the degree and type of electrical stimulation are some critical factors that affect the FBR and inflammation. Modification of these factors and various anti-inflammatory pharmacological interventions have been shown to mitigate the inflammatory/FBR response. Ongoing and future approaches that seek to limit surgical trauma and curb the FBR to the implanted biomaterials of the electrode array are discussed. A better understanding of the anatomical, cellular and molecular basis of the inflammatory/FBR response after cochlear implantation has the potential to improve the outcome of current cochlear implants and also facilitate the development of the next generation of neural prostheses.

Indexed as

Cochlear ImplantationCochlear ImplantsHearing Loss, SensorineuralAnimalsCochleaHumansInflammationBiomaterialsCochlear implantFibrosisForeign body responseInflammation

Identifiers

PMID35709579
PMCPMC9684357
OpenAlexW4283071956

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.