ArticlePlant physiology2022
WRKY63 transcriptional activation of COOLAIR and COLDAIR regulates vernalization-induced flowering.
Article in Plant physiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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27 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Whole-transcriptome dynamics reveal distinct regulatory networks during sugar beet vernalization.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Floral Transition.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dynamic Metabolome and Transcriptome Profiling Provide Molecular Insights into Floral Bud Differentiation inBiology · 2025Article
- Soybean GmWRKY44 transcription factor activates SOC1 and LFY to promote flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
- WRKYs as regulatory hubs of secondary metabolic networks: Diverse inducers and distinct responses.Plant communications · 2025Review
- Genome-Wide identification and expression profiles of the WRKY transcription factor family in Artocarpus nanchuanensis.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Plant long noncoding RNAs: why do we not know more?Biological research · 2025Review
- Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of WRKY transcription factors under abiotic stresses in Carthamus tinctorius L.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in Mikania micrantha.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Lysine acetylation regulates the subcellular localization and function of WRKY63.Plant physiology · 2024Article
- Nanopore direct RNA sequencing reveals NBMC plant biology · 2024Article
- WRKY Transcription Factors in Response to Metal Stress in Plants: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Sorbitol mediates age-dependent changes in apple plant growth strategy through gibberellin signaling.Horticulture research · 2024Article
- WRKY transcription factors modulate flowering time in four Arachis species: a bioinformatics analysis.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Flowering time: From physiology, through genetics to mechanism.Plant physiology · 2024Review
- Dynamic transcriptome analysis provides molecular insights into underground floral differentiation in Adonis Amurensis Regel & Radde.BMC genomic data · 2024Article
- Molecular Evaluation of the Effects ofGenes · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) acts as a key flowering regulator by repressing the expression of the floral integrator FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Prolonged exposure to cold (vernalization) induces flowering by reducing FLC expression. The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) COOLAIR and COLDAIR, which are transcribed from the 3' end and the first intron of FLC, respectively, are important for FLC repression under vernalization. However, the molecular mechanism of how COOLAIR and COLDAIR are transcriptionally activated remains elusive. In this study, we found that the group-III WRKY transcription factor WRKY63 can directly activate FLC. wrky63 mutant plants display an early flowering phenotype and are insensitive to vernalization. Interestingly, we found that WRKY63 can activate the expression of COOLAIR and COLDAIR by binding to their promoters.WRKY63 therefore acts as a dual regulator that activates FLC directly under non-vernalization conditions but represses FLC indirectly during vernalization through inducing COOLAIR and COLDAIR. Furthermore, genome-wide occupancy profile analyses indicated that the binding of WRKY63 to vernalization-induced genes increases after vernalization. In addition, WRKY63 binding is associated with decreased levels of the repressive marker Histone H3 Lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). Collectively, our results indicate that WRKY63 is an important flowering regulator involved in vernalization-induced transcriptional regulation.
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