SynthesisPharmacotherapy2022
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the correlation between bispectral index (BIS) and clinical sedation scales: Toward defining the role of BIS in critically ill patients.
Synthesis in Pharmacotherapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Music Therapy for Comatose Brain Injured Patients
The Comparison of Bispectral Index Parameter Between Critically Ill Patients With and Without Decreased Mental Status and Its Association With Clinical Outcomes
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluation of Objective Sedation Monitoring Practices in Critically Ill Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Critical care explorations · 2025Pooled it
- Simultaneous bispectral index and near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring to evaluate two induction protocols in elective cardiovascular surgery.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Trial
- Effect of Preoperative Esketamine Nebulized Inhalation on Cough Reflex, Sedation, and Postoperative Sore Throat in Extubation of Surgical Patients: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Clinical Trial Comparing Remimazolam with Propofol During Intravenous Anesthesia: A Prospective Randomised Clinical Trial.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2024Trial
- EEG-Derived Entropy Monitoring During Propofol Sedation for ERCP: Sedation Profiles, Age-Related Effects, and Implications for Procedure-Specific Target Ranges.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- [Correlation of occlusion pressure with sedation in non-neurocritical patients].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Observational
- Pupillometry as a Novel Tool for Pain Monitoring: Evaluating the Antinociceptive Effect of Intravenous Lidocaine During Orotracheal Intubation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Duration Versus Magnitude of BIS-Measured EEG Suppression and Postoperative Recovery Patterns: A Prospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Within-subject and between-subject variability in responses to a mind-body intervention in electrophysiological brain activity.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Trance states during a mind-body intervention monitored by BIS.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
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- Article
- Inter-rater Agreement of Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale Assessments in Adult Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation in the ICU: A Cross-Sectional Study.Critical care explorations · 2025Article
- Impact of sequential administration of detomidine, butorphanol, and midazolam on sedation, ataxia, stimulus response, and bispectral index in horses.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Comparative evaluation of intravenous versus intranasal dexmedetomidine on emergence delirium and hemodynamics in pediatric patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Sedation Vacations in Neurocritical Care: Friend or Foe?Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Prospective Observational Study of Volatile Sedation with Sevoflurane After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using the Sedaconda Anesthetic Conserving Device.Neurocritical care · 2024Observational
- Bispectral Index versus the University of Michigan Sedation Scale in assessing sedation depth during pediatric drug-induced sleep endoscopy.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Epidural, Inadvertent Subdural, and Combined Epidural-Subdural Anesthesia in Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Correlation of Comfort Score and Narcotrend Index during Procedural Sedation with Midazolam and Propofol in Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe bispectral index (BIS) is an attractive approach for monitoring level of consciousness in critically ill patients, particularly during paralysis, when commonly used sedation scales cannot be used.
objectivesAs a first step toward establishing the utility of BIS during paralysis, this review examines the strength of correlation between BIS and clinical sedation scales in a broad population of non-paralyzed, critically ill adults.
methodsWe included studies evaluating the strength of correlation between concurrent assessments of BIS and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS), or Sedation Agitation Scale (SAS) in critically ill adult patients. Studies involving assessment of depth sedation periperative or procedural time periods, and those reporting BIS and sedation scale assessments conducted >5 min apart or while neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) were administered, were excluded. Data were abstracted on sedation scale, correlation coefficients, setting, patient characteristics, and BIS assessment characteristics that could impact the quality of the studies.
resultsTwenty-four studies which enrolled 1235 patients met inclusion criteria. The correlation between BIS and RASS, RSS, and SAS overall was 0.68 (95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.74, Ƭ
conclusionsBIS demonstrated moderate to strong correlation with clinical sedation scales in adult ICU patients, providing preliminary evidence for the validity of BIS as a measure of sedation intensity when clinical scales cannot be used. Future studies should determine whether BIS monitoring is safe and effective in improving outcomes in patients receiving NMBA treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.