Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35706442›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Statistical Association2021

Combining Matching and Synthetic Control to Trade off Biases from Extrapolation and Interpolation.

Maxwell Kellogg, Magne Mogstad, Guillaume A Pouliot, Alexander Torgovitsky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Statistical Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Imperfect Synthetic Controls.Journal of applied econometrics (Chichester, England) · 2026
    Article
  5. Synthetic Regressing Control.Observational studies · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Prediction Intervals for Synthetic Control Methods.Journal of the American Statistical Association · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Maxwell KelloggNational Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).
Magne MogstadKenneth C. Griffin Department of Economics, University of Chicago Statistics Norway, NBER.
Guillaume A PouliotHarris School of Public Policy, University of Chicago.
Alexander TorgovitskyKenneth C. Griffin Department of Economics, University of Chicago.

Funding

SPECIALIZED TRAINING PROGRAM IN THE DEMOGRAPHY &ECON.T32AG000243 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI DAVID O MELTZER · 1994 to 2026
$8.2M
NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000243
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The synthetic control (SC) method is widely used in comparative case studies to adjust for differences in pre-treatment characteristics. SC limits extrapolation bias at the potential expense of interpolation bias, whereas traditional matching estimators have the opposite properties. This complementarity motives us to propose a matching and synthetic control (or MASC) estimator as a model averaging estimator that combines the standard SC and matching estimators. We show how to use a rolling-origin cross-validation procedure to train the MASC to resolve trade-offs between interpolation and extrapolation bias. We use a series of empirically-based placebo and Monte Carlo simulations to shed light on when the SC, matching, MASC and penalized SC estimators do (and do not) perform well. Then, we apply these estimators to examine the economic costs of conflicts in the context of Spain.

Indexed as

causal inferencecomparative case studiescross-validationforecastingmodel averagingprogram evaluationsynthetic control

Identifiers

PMID35706442
PMCPMC9197080

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.