ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2022
Paracoccidioidomycosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: A historical retrospective cohort study in a national reference center for infectious diseases, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synchronous Mucocutaneous Paracoccidioidomycosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Report of Two Rare Cases.Journal of cutaneous pathology · 2026Article
- Paracoccidioidomycosis in Brazil: 25-Year Nationwide Trends in Mortality, Hospitalisations and In-Hospital Deaths of a Neglected Systemic Mycosis.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Article
- Paracoccidioidomycosis in the 21st century: Challenges and milestones.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Acute/subacute paracoccidioidomycosis associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis in a person living with HIV/AIDS.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Article
- Review
- Histoplasma capsulatum urinary antigen detection in a kidney transplant recipient with acute paracoccidioidomycosis: Case study and literature review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Review
- Case Report: Disseminated Paracoccidioidomycosis and Strongyloides Hyperinfection in a Patient with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1/2 Infection.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Paracoccidioidomycosis and pregnancy: A 40-year single-center cohort study in the endemic area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Clinical and Demographic Features of Paracoccidioidomycosis in Argentina: A Multicenter Study Analysis of 466 Cases.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis and Paracoccidioidomycosis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Acute paracoccidioidomycosis worsened by immunosuppressive therapy due to a misdiagnosis of Crohn's disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Paracoccidioidomycosis: What We Know and What Is New in Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Immunologic Diagnosis of Endemic Mycoses.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is one of the main endemic systemic mycoses in Latin America, usually occurring in rural areas. When PCM occurs simultaneously with underlying immunosuppressive conditions, it can present as an opportunistic disease. Between 2000 and 2017, literature reported around 200 PCM cases in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). To address research gaps on this co-infection and to study its possible temporal changes in the last decade, we performed an active co-infection case search on the HIV/AIDS and PCM cohorts from a Brazilian reference center database from 1989 to 2019. We found 20 PLWHA among 684 PCM patients (2.92%), predominantly male (70.0%) and urban workers (80.0%). The median age of patients was higher in the 2010-2019 decade (p = 0.006). The occurrence of PCM in PLWHA was lower when compared with other fungal diseases. Although 50.0% of the patients had already been diagnosed with HIV infection and presented CD4+ T cell counts greater than 200/mm3 at the time of PCM diagnosis, the suspicion of immunosuppression in the context of atypical and more severe clinical forms of PCM revealed the diagnosis of HIV infection in 35.0% of the patients. Two (10.0%) patients had an evolution compatible with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART).We highlight the importance of considering a PCM diagnosis in PLWHA to prevent a late-onset treatment and progression to severe manifestations and unfavorable outcomes. In addition, HIV investigation is recommended in PCM patients, especially those with atypical and more severe clinical presentations.
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