ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2022
Review of Tuberous Breast Deformity: Developments over the Last 20 Years.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) for Detecting Tuberous Breast Deformity from Standardized Photographs: A Descriptive in Silico Study.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- The inframammary fold: Structure, clinical considerations, and reconstructive techniques.JPRAS open · 2026Review
- Comparison of Same Versus Different Projection Implants in Asymmetric Tuberous Breasts: Long-Term Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction Analysis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Tuberous breast deformity in a transgender woman: a case report.Journal of surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Systematic Review of Complication Rates of Gender-affirming Breast Augmentation and Its Closest Analogue: Tuberous Breast Augmentation.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Breast-Related Herniation: A Call for Multidisciplinary Awareness and a Proposal for a Classification.Cureus · 2024Article
- Correction of the Tuberous Breast with Fat Grafting and Implant: Techniques, Evaluation with BREAST-Q, and Preliminary Results.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Comment on: ''Tuberous Breast, Deformities, and Asymmetries: A Retrospective Analysis Comparing Fat Grafting Versus Mastopexy and Breast Implants''.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
- "Invited Comment on: Quantitative Analysis of the Histological Features of Tuberous Breast'".Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
- Quantitative Analysis of the Histological Features of Tuberous Breast.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tuberous breast (TB) deformity is a condition characterized by alterations in breast morphology and tissue structure with high prevalence in the general population. The literature provides sparse descriptions of TB, as not many investigations on the condition have been conducted. The aim of this review was to analyze and provide a holistic overview on the morphological characteristics of the TB. Methods: A review of current literature was performed using the PubMed database from 2001 to 2021. The key words used for the review included "tuberous breast," "constricted breast," and "stenotic breast." We included articles that analyzed the anatomic and histologic characteristics of TB. Results: From 213 articles, only 42 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 171 articles were excluded, as they were letters, not related to the condition, or were written in a foreign language. The studies in this review drew on hypothesis on the embryological origin of TB and analyzed the composition of TB tissues, consisting in a constricting fibrous ring, made of longitudinally arranged collagen and elastic fibers. Furthermore, the review reports the different anatomical and surgical classifications, as well as the various surgical corrective procedures developed throughout history up to 2021. Conclusion: The review describes all etiological, epidemiologic, anatomical, histological, and surgical characteristics of tuberous breast.
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Registered trials
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