Effect of liraglutide combined with metformin or acarbose on glucose control in type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk factors of gastrointestinal adverse reactions.

Gaofei Ren, Xiaojun Ma, Pengfei Jiao

Open access · greenAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in American journal of translational research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it

1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

The effect of acarbose on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2024
Pooled it
Disproportionality analysis of GLP-1 receptor agonists combined with metformin based on the FAERS database.Scientific reports · 2025
Article
A systematic review, meta-analysis, dose-response, and meta-regression of the effects of acarbose intake on glycemic markers in adults.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024
Review
Factors associated with gastrointestinal side effects after liraglutide treatment for type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023
Article
The effects of acarbose treatment on cardiovascular risk factors in impaired glucose tolerance and diabetic patients: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023
Article
Application of natural compounds in the treatment and prevention of prediabetes.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gaofei RenDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.

Xiaojun MaDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.

Pengfei JiaoDepartment of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.

First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the effect of liraglutide combined with metformin or acarbose on glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to analyze the risk factors of gastrointestinal adverse reactions.

methodsThis retrospective study was conducted on 88 T2DM patients who were treated in our hospital from February 2019 to August 2021. The patients were divided into Group A (n=40) and Group B (n=48) according to different treatment methods. Group A was treated with liraglutide and metformin, while Group B was given liraglutide and acarbose. The effects of glucose control (FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c), inflammatory indexes (IL-6, CRP, SAA), fasting C-peptide, 2-h postprandial C-peptide levels and adverse reactions were compared. Afterwards, The risk factors of gastrointestinal adverse reactions were assessed via logistics regression.

resultsIt was found that the FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c levels after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the levels in group A were lower than those in group B (P<0.05). The serum IL-6, CRP and SAA levels after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), but there was no marked difference between the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). The fasting C-peptide and 2-h postprandial C-peptide levels in group A after treatment were higher than those in group B (P<0.05). Logistics regression analysis revealed that complicated digestive system diseases and combined use of acarbose were independent risk factors.

conclusionCompared with liraglutide and acarbose, liraglutide and metformin has better glucose control effect in T2DM. Although there is no obvious difference in eliminating inflammation, liraglutide combined with acarbose will increase the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions in patients. So, liraglutide combined with metformin is recommended for T2DM treatment.

Indexed as

acarbosegastrointestinal adverse reactionsLiraglutidemetforminrisk factors analysistype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID35702127

PMCPMC9185051

OpenAlexW4285744177

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.