Effects of intravenous administration of peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells after infusion of lipopolysaccharide in horses.

backgroundA systemic and dysregulated immune response to infection contributes to morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis. Peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (PB-MSC) mitigate inflammation in animal models of sepsis. Allogeneic PB-MSC administered IV to horses is well-tolerated but therapeutic benefits are unknown. HYPOTHESIS: After IV lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion, horses treated with PB-MSC would have less severe clinical signs, clinicopathological abnormalities, inflammatory cytokine gene expression, and oxidative stress compared to controls administered a placebo. ANIMALS: Sixteen horses were included in this study.

methodsA randomized placebo-controlled experimental trial was performed. Sixteen healthy horses were assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups (1 × 10

resultsA predictable response to IV LPS infusion was observed in all horses. At the dose administered, there was no significant effect of PB-MSC on clinical signs, clinicopathological variables, or inflammatory cytokine gene expression at any time point. Antioxidant potential was not different between treatment groups, but intracellular ROS increased over time in the placebo group. Other variables that changed over time were likely due to effects of IV LPS infusion. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Administration of allogeneic PB-MSC did not cause clinically detectable adverse effects in healthy horses. The dose of PB-MSC used here is unlikely to exert a beneficial effect in endotoxemic horses.