ArticleCancer medicine2022
Estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of lung cancer in Iran, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thirty-year changes and future tendencies in Asian burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Age of initiation, intensity and cessation of tobacco smoking among Bangladeshi adults: evidence from a cross-sectional nationally representative survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Publication Characteristics and Reporting Quality of GBD-Derived Burden of Disease Studies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Lung Cancer.Journal of evidence-based medicine · 2026Article
- Impact of smoking hookah and cigarettes on hematological and biochemical profiles in the Iranian population.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Age of tobacco smoking initiation among Iranian adults based on National and Subnational data from the 2021 STEPS survey : Short title: Tobacco Smoking Onset Age in Iran.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Surgical Cases of Lung Cancer Admitted in Shiraz Referral Hospitals, Southern Iran in 2009-2022.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- A comparison of the burden of cancers between 1990 and 2019 in Iran: A national and subnational study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy of Lung Cancer in Countries with Limited Resources; Current Challenges and Potential Solutions.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- The levels and trends of cancer incidence in the elderly population at national and sub-national scales in Iran from 1990 to 2016.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of lung cancer in Iran, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019.Cancer medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLung cancer is one of the leading cancers, with a high burden worldwide. As a developing country, Iran is facing with population growth, widespread tobacco use, demographic and epidemiologic changes, and environmental exposures, which lead to cancers becoming a severe concern of public health in Iran. We aimed to examine the burden of lung cancer and its risk factors in Iran.
methodsWe utilized the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data and analyzed the total burden of the lung cancer and seven related risk factors by sex, age at national and sub-national levels from 1990 to 2019.
resultsThe lung cancer age-standardized death rate increased from 11.8 (95% Uncertainty Interval: 9.7-14.4) to 12.9 (11.9-13.9) per 100,000 between 1990 and 2019. This increase was among women from 5 (4.2-7.1) to 8 (7.2-8.8) per 100,000; in contrast, there was a decline among men from 18.5 (14.8-22.6) to 17.8 (16.2-19.4) per 100,000. The burden of lung cancer is concentrated in the advanced age groups. Smoking with 53.5% of total attributable deaths (51.0%-55.9%) was the leading risk factor. At the provincial level, there was a wide range between the lowest and highest, from 8.3 (7.0-10.0) to 19.1 (16.4-22.0) per 100,000 population in the incidence rate and from 8.7 (7.3-10.3) to 20.6 (17.7-24.0) per 100,000 population in mortality rate, respectively in Tehran and West Azerbaijan provinces in 2019.
conclusionThe increasing trend of lung cancer burden among the entire Iranian population, the inter-provincial disparities, and the significant rise in burden of this cancer in women necessitate the urgent implementation and development of policies to prevent and manage lung cancer burden and strategies to reduce exposure to risk factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.