SynthesisJournal of intellectual disability research : JIDR2022
A systematic review of relationships and sex education outcomes for students with intellectual disability reported in the international literature.
Synthesis in Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of relationships and sex education outcomes for students with intellectual disability reported in the international literature.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2022Pooled it
- Implementation Patterns and Perceived Value of the SEXIT Method in School Health Care.Journal of clinical nursing · 2026Article
- 'One Size Does Not Fit All'. The Voices of Professionals Regarding the Delivery of Relationships and Sexuality Education to Children and Young People With Intellectual Disability: Findings From a UK-Wide Qualitative Study.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026Article
- Perceptions of sex education among college students: A case study of a medical school.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Experiences of Young People with Intellectual Disability, Parents and Professionals in Relationships and Sexuality Education Programmes: Findings from a Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A tool for assessing sexual knowledge of people with Intellectual disabilities in Norway.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Relationships and Sex Education Outcomes for Students With Intellectual Disability: Protocol for the Development of a Core Outcome Set.JMIR research protocols · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about how to evaluate relationships and sex education (RSE) delivered to students with intellectual disability and what stakeholders perceive are important outcomes. The present study aimed to systematically review existing studies on outcomes of RSE, as the first step in the development of a core outcome set (COS) for students with intellectual disability.
methodA systematic literature process included two stages: (1) searching for studies reporting on RSE outcomes for students with intellectual disability and (2) studies reporting on measurement properties (e.g. validity, reliability and responsiveness) of standardised instruments identified in stage 1.
resultsA total of 135 RSE outcomes were extracted from 42 studies: 43 outcomes for students in secondary education and 92 outcomes for students in further education. No RSE outcomes were reported for primary education. Outcomes referred to the human body, hygiene, relationships, sexuality, sex and its consequences, inappropriate and appropriate social and sexual behaviour, keeping safe, emotional vocabulary and positive self-esteem. Outcomes were predominantly knowledge-based, rather than relating to skills and attitudes development. Students with intellectual disability, parents and teachers perceive different RSE outcomes meaningful. Five instruments were used to measure the outcomes, but none have established psychometric properties with this population.
conclusionsThe comprehensive list of RSE outcomes for students with intellectual disability will be used to inform the next steps of a Core Outcome Set needed for RSE evaluations in research and education settings. There is an urgent need to develop standardised instruments validated for students with intellectual disability.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.