Observational studyScientific reports2022
Male sex increases the risk of diabetic retinopathy in an urban safety-net hospital population without impacting the relationship between axial length and retinopathy.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is related to diabetic retinopathy in males with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy, a Comprehensive Overview on Pathophysiology and Relevant Experimental Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association of systemic and demographic risk factors with prevalence of retinopathy in US adults with prediabetes.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Impact of Gender on Chronic Complications in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From a Cross-Sectional Study.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2024Article
- Association of Male Sex and Microvascular Alterations on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetes.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Right versus left eye asymmetry of microvasculature in diabetes revealed by optical coherence tomography angiography.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Sex-Based Differences in Clinical Profile and Complications among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Seen at a Private Tertiary Diabetes Care Centre in India.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of theBiomedicines · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Chinese Patients with Different Diabetes Duration: Association of C-Peptide and BUN/Cr Ratio with Type 2 Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Sex differences in coronary artery bypass grafting-related morbidity and mortality.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This study sought to assess the association between axial length (AL) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a diverse cohort of patients and to investigate the impact of sex on this relationship. An urban safety net hospital database was used for this cross-sectional observational study. Diabetic patients who underwent fundus photography and AL measurement between March 2017 and June 2020 were included. The fundus photographs were graded following the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study criteria. The study enrolled 1843 patients with diabetes (mean age: 56.9 ± 12.1 years; AL: 23.56 ± 1.12 mm), including 931 men and 912 women. Male sex was a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.001; odds ratio [OR] 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.98). A higher DR prevalence was associated with shorter AL both in men (P = 0.003; OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.66-0.91) and women (P = 0.02; OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.71-0.97) after adjusting for systemic risk factors using multivariable logistic regression. There was no significant impact of sex on the relationship between AL and DR (P = 0.56). In the subset of patients with asymmetric DR, the percentage of patients whose shorter eye had a higher stage of DR was not significantly different between men and women (P = 0.20). Male sex is a risk factor for DR in a diverse safety-net hospital population. Longer AL is associated with a lower risk of DR, and this relationship is not affected by sex.
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