ArticleVaccine2022
Preclinical evaluation of a plant-derived SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine: Protective efficacy, immunogenicity, safety, and toxicity.
Article in Vaccine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Targeting oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: the role of Putranjiva roxburghii in Alzheimer's.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Transient Expression and Immunogenicity Assessment of theVaccines · 2026Article
- Rice-derived SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein S1 subunit vaccine elicits humoral and cellular immune responses.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Plant molecular farming: a promising frontier for orphan drug production.Biotechnology letters · 2025Review
- Fusion protein-based COVID-19 vaccines exemplified by a chimeric vaccine based on a single fusion protein (W-PreS-O).Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Characterization of host cell proteins in the downstream process of plant-Based biologics using LC-MS profiling.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- A review of the scientific literature on experimental toxicity studies of COVID-19 vaccines, with special attention to publications in toxicology journals.Archives of toxicology · 2024Review
- Exploring recent progress of molecular farming for therapeutic and recombinant molecules in plant systems.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Preclinical assessment of a recombinant RBD-Fc fusion protein as SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccine.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Rapid and Scalable Production of Functional SARS-CoV-2 Virus-like Particles (VLPs) by a Stable HEK293 Cell Pool.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Immunogenicity of a recombinant plant-produced respiratory syncytial virus F subunit vaccine in mice.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Preclinical evaluation of general toxicity and safety pharmacology of a receptor-binding domain-based COVID-19 subunit vaccine in various animal models.Archives of toxicology · 2023Article
- Development of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody detection assay by using recombinant plant-produced proteins.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Therapeutic efficacy of plant-produced Nivolumab in transgenic C57BL/6-hPD-1 mouse implanted with MC38 colon cancer.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate in the Syrian hamster model.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Plants as Biofactories for Therapeutic Proteins and Antiviral Compounds to Combat COVID-19.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Recombinant Protein Vaccines against Human Betacoronaviruses: Strategies, Approaches and Progress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tomato-made edible COVID-19 vaccine TOMAVAC induces neutralizing IgGs in the blood sera of mice and humans.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission has become a global priority. Previously, we showed that a protein subunit vaccine that was developed based on the fusion of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) to the Fc portion of human IgG1 (RBD-Fc), produced in Nicotiana benthamiana, and adjuvanted with alum, namely, Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 1, induced potent immunological responses in both mice and cynomolgus monkeys. Hence, this study evaluated the protective efficacy, safety, and toxicity of Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 1 in K18-hACE2 mice, monkeys and Wistar rats. Two doses of vaccine were administered three weeks apart on Days 0 and 21. The administration of the vaccine to K18-hACE2 mice reduced viral loads in the lungs and brains of the vaccinated animals and protected the mice against challenge with SARS-CoV-2. In monkeys, the results of safety pharmacology tests, general clinical observations, and a core battery of studies of three vital systems, namely, the central nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems, did not reveal any safety concerns. The toxicology study of the vaccine in rats showed no vaccine-related pathological changes, and all the animals remained healthy under the conditions of this study. Furthermore, the vaccine did not cause any abnormal toxicity in rats and was clinically tolerated even at the highest tested concentration. In addition, general health status, body temperature, local toxicity at the administration site, hematology, and blood chemistry parameters were also monitored. Overall, this work presents the results of the first systematic study of the safety profile of a plant-derived vaccine, Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 1; this approach can be considered a viable strategy for the development of vaccines against COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.