ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2022
Change in covid-19 risk over time following vaccination with CoronaVac: test negative case-control study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the potential benefits of mucosal COVID-19 vaccines: opportunities and challenges.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Association between cumulative exposure periods of flupentixol or any antipsychotics and risk of lung cancer.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination against all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The observation during the initial period of the cancellation of the "Dynamic Zero Policy" in mainland China.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2023Article
- Current Challenges With the Use of Test-Negative Designs for Modeling COVID-19 Vaccination and Outcomes.American journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines in primary prevention against infections and reduction in severity of illness following the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant in Shanghai.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Neutralizing and Total/IgG Spike Antibody Responses Following Homologous CoronaVac vs. BNT162b2 Vaccination Up to 90 Days Post-Booster.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of an inactivated Covid-19 vaccine with homologous and heterologous boosters against Omicron in Brazil.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Safety and immunogenicity of CoronaVac in people living with HIV: a prospective cohort study.The lancet. HIV · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the change in odds of covid-19 over time following primary series completion of the inactivated whole virus vaccine CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech) in São Paulo State, Brazil.
designTest negative case-control study.
settingCommunity testing for covid-19 in São Paulo State, Brazil.
participantsAdults aged ≥18 years who were residents of São Paulo state, had received two doses of CoronaVac, did not have a laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection before vaccination, and underwent reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARS-CoV-2 from 17 January to 14 December 2021. Cases were matched to test negative controls by age (in 5 year bands), municipality of residence, healthcare worker status, and epidemiological week of RT-PCR test.
main outcome measuresRT-PCR confirmed symptomatic covid-19 and associated hospital admissions and deaths. Conditional logistic regression was adjusted for sex, number of covid-19 associated comorbidities, race, and previous acute respiratory illness.
resultsFrom 202 741 eligible people, 52 170 cases with symptomatic covid-19 and 69 115 test negative controls with covid-19 symptoms were formed into 43 257 matched sets. Adjusted odds ratios of symptomatic covid-19 increased with time since completion of the vaccination series. The increase in odds was greater in younger people and among healthcare workers, although sensitivity analyses suggested that this was in part due to bias. In addition, the adjusted odds ratios of covid-19 related hospital admission or death significantly increased with time compared with the odds 14-41 days after series completion: from 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.04 to 1.51) at 70-97 days up to 1.94 (1.41 to 2.67) from 182 days onwards.
conclusionsSignificant increases in the risk of moderate and severe covid-19 outcomes occurred three months after primary vaccination with CoronaVac among people aged 65 and older. These findings provide supportive evidence for the implementation of vaccine boosters in these populations who received this inactivated vaccine. Studies of waning should include analyses designed to uncover common biases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.