Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35695905›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2023

Neighbourhood context and diagnosed mental health conditions among immigrant and non-immigrant youth: a population-based cohort study in British Columbia, Canada.

Scott D Emerson, Monique Gagné Petteni, Joseph H Puyat, Martin Guhn, Katholiki Georgiades, Constance Milbrath, Magdalena Janus, Anne M Gadermann

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Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Scott D EmersonHuman Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. scott.emerson@ubc.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-3542
Monique Gagné PetteniHuman Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Joseph H PuyatSchool of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Martin GuhnHuman Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Katholiki GeorgiadesOfford Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Constance MilbrathHuman Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Magdalena JanusHuman Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Anne M GadermannHuman Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeEvidence from systematic reviews suggests that adult immigrants living in areas of higher immigrant density (areas with a higher proportion of foreign-born residents) tend to experience fewer mental health problems-likely through less discrimination, greater access to culturally/linguistically appropriate services, and greater social support. Less is known about how such contexts are associated with mental health during childhood-a key period in the onset and development of many mental health challenges. This study examined associations between neighbourhood immigrant density and youth mental health conditions in British Columbia (BC; Canada).

methodsCensus-derived neighbourhood characteristics were linked to medical records for youth present in ten of BC's largest school districts from age 5 through 19 over the study period (1995-2016; n = 138,090). Occurrence of physician assessed diagnoses of mood and/or anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and conduct disorder was inferred through International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnostic codes in universal public health insurance records. Multi-level logistic regression was used to model associations between neighbourhood characteristics and odds of diagnoses for each condition; models were stratified by generation status (first-generation: foreign-born; second-generation: Canadian-born to a foreign-born parent; non-immigrant).

resultsHigher neighbourhood immigrant density was associated with lower odds of disorders among first-generation immigrant youth (e.g., adjusted odds of mood-anxiety disorders for those in neighbourhoods with the highest immigrant density were 0.67 times lower (95% CI: 0.49, 0.92) than those in neighbourhoods with the lowest immigrant density). Such protective associations generally extended to second-generation and non-immigrant youth, but were-for some disorders-stronger for first-generation than second-generation or non-immigrant youth.

conclusionsFindings suggest there may be protective mechanisms associated with higher neighbourhood immigrant density for mental health conditions in immigrant and non-immigrant youth. It is important that future work examines potential pathways by which contextual factors impact immigrant and non-immigrant youth mental health.

Indexed as

Emigrants and ImmigrantsMental HealthAdolescentAdultAnxietyBritish ColumbiaCanadaChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesHumansCanadaChildrenImmigrant densityImmigrationMental healthNeighbourhoods

Identifiers

PMID35695905

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.