ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2022
The Impact of Agitation in Dementia on Caregivers: A Real-World Survey.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing professional caregiver burden related to patient agitation in dementia: A systematic review of measurement scales.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of Brexpiprazole on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Impact on Caregivers: Pooled Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Analysis in Patients With Agitation Associated With Dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2026Trial
- Brexpiprazole for agitation in clinically relevant patient subgroups: aCurrent medical research and opinion · 2025Trial
- Individualized Music Playlist Based on Iso-Principle for De-Escalating Agitation of People With Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Observational
- Physicians' perceptions and treatment practices for agitation associated with Alzheimer's dementia vary by specialty in Japan.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Potential of ASCOT-Carer for evaluating the quality of life of family caregivers for patients with Alzheimer's disease in Japan.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Factors associated with family caregiver stress related to behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A stress process model-based path analysis.Journal of Korean gerontological nursing · 2026Article
- The Impact of Dementia Caregiving on the Health of the Spousal Caregiver.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Increasing number of unmanaged distressing symptoms in people living with dementia associated with family carer burden and distress following an unplanned hospital admission: A longitudinal cohort study.Palliative care and social practice · 2026Article
- Review
- Implementation Outcomes for Agitation Detection Technologies in People with Dementia: A Systematic Review.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Weighted Blankets for Agitation in Hospitalized Patients with Dementia: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Does an Audio Wearable Lead to Agitation Reduction in Dementia: The Memesto AWARD Proof-of-Principle Clinical Research Study.Research square · 2025Article
- Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms (BPSD) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD): Development and Treatment.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- People Living With Dementia: Dementia Characteristics and Family Caregiver Pain Assessment.Journal of gerontological nursing · 2023Article
- Identifying care problem clusters and core care problems of older adults with dementia for caregivers: a network analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDementia patients frequently depend on caregivers. Agitation is a common behavioral dementia symptom particularly burdensome to patients and caregivers.
objectiveTo assess the association of agitation severity with non-professional caregiver hours, burden, health status, and productivity. Secondarily, to assess the association of agitation severity with these outcomes for patients receiving remote (not living with the patient) and proximate (living with the patient) caregiving.
methodsA retrospective analysis of physician and non-professional caregiver-reported data from a US point-in-time survey. Patients were aged ≥50 years, with early cognitive impairment or dementia. Regression analyses compared outcomes by agitation severity; covariates included age, sex, and clinical characteristics.
resultsData were included for 1,349 patients (non-agitated n = 656, agitated n = 693; no care n = 305, remote care n = 248, proximate care n = 691; unknown care n = 105). Greater agitation was significantly associated (p < 0.05) in all caregivers with increasing: Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) Total Caregiver Burden, Personal Strain, Role Strain, and Guilt; Work Productivity and Activity Index (WPAI) presenteeism, overall work impairment, and total activity impairment. Higher ZBI Total Caregiver Burden, Personal Strain, and Role Strain were associated with greater agitation in proximate caregivers and higher ZBI Guilt associated with greater agitation in remote caregivers (p < 0.05). Higher WPAI presenteeism and total activity impairment were associated (p < 0.05) with greater agitation in proximate caregivers. Caregiving hours increased with increasing agitation for proximate caregiving (p = 0.001).
conclusionGreater agitation severity was associated with higher caregiver burden and lower productivity, with higher indirect costs a likely outcome of agitation.
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Registered trials
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