ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Case Report: TNF-Alpha Inhibitors to Rescue Pregnancy in Women With Potential Pregnancy Loss: A Report of Ten Cases.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Adalimumab in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Due Immune Dysregulation: A Case Series Report.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2025Article
- A case series on TNF-α inhibitors for APS- induced high-risk pregnancies.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2025Article
- Alloimmune Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Cellular Mechanisms and Overview of Therapeutic Approaches.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Miscarriage poses a significant threat to pregnant women globally. Recurrent miscarriages or potential poor embryonic development indicated by early drops in serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) are even more catastrophic for pregnant women. However, these patients receive either individualized medical intervention supported by limited evidence or no treatment at all. In this study, we report ten patients who shared at least one episode of an early decline of hCG in the first trimester and were treated with compassionate use of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor (TNFi). They were then followed up regularly with caution. Their hCG trajectory all resumed a normal pattern within one week and the obstetric outcomes were promising. No adverse fetal, neonatal, or maternal health issues have been observed. This case series supports current safety evidence of TNFi and provides new insight into its use in pregnancy when the embryo is in danger. Further well-designed clinical trials should be carried out to consolidate the evidence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.