ArticleSpatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology2022
Environmental risk factors of airborne viral transmission: Humidity, Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands.
Article in Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bayesian spatio-temporal modeling of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Brazil: A comparative analysis across pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 eras.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2025Article
- Retrospective Single-Center Study on the Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza B Infections in Korea (2007-2024): Analysis of Sex, Age, and Seasonal Patterns.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- A Predictive Model of the Start of Annual Influenza Epidemics.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- As air relative humidity increases, infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 decreases within water droplets.QRB discovery · 2024Article
- Association between ozone and influenza transmissibility in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- The association between ambient pollutants and influenza transmissibility: A nationwide study involving 30 provinces in China.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- Air Surveillance for Viral Contamination with SARS-CoV-2 RNA at a Healthcare Facility.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
- Is coronavirus disease (COVID-19) seasonal? A critical analysis of empirical and epidemiological studies at global and local scales.Environmental research · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe relationship between specific humidity and influenza/SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands is evaluated over time and at regional level.
designParametric and non-parametric correlation coefficients are calculated to quantify the relationship between humidity and influenza, using five years of weekly data. Bayesian spatio-temporal models-with a Poisson and a Gaussian likelihood-are estimated to find the relationship between regional humidity and the daily cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the municipalities and provinces of the Netherlands.
resultsAn inverse (negative) relationship is observed between specific humidity and the incidence of influenza between 2015 and 2019. The space-time analysis indicates that an increase of specific humidity of one gram of water vapor per kilogram of air (1 g/kg) is related to a reduction of approximately 5% in the risk of COVID-19 infections.
conclusionsThe increase in humidity during the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands may have helped to reduce the risk of regional COVID-19 infections. Policies that lead to an increase in household specific humidity to over 6g/Kg will help reduce the spread of respiratory viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2.
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