ArticleImmunobiology2022
Deciphering the balance of IL-6/IL-10 cytokines in severe to critical COVID-19 patients.
Article in Immunobiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and immunological comparison of COVID-19 disease between critical and non-critical courses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Photobiomodulation Improves Serum Cytokine Response in Mild to Moderate COVID-19: The First Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Pilot Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Interleukins in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Immunopathogenesis, Therapeutic Perspectives and Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sex-specific vulnerabilities in early human neurodevelopment following SARS-CoV-2-induced maternal immune activation.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Prediction of Hyperinflammatory Phenotypes in Critically Ill Patients via Routine Clinical Data and IL-6: Towards Personalized Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Multiplex Targeted Proteomic Analysis of Cytokine Ratios for ICU Mortality in Severe COVID-19.Proteomes · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiome dysbiosis and immune activation correlate with somatic and neuropsychiatric symptoms in COVID-19 patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Understanding the potential impact of trimester-specific maternal immune activation due to SARS-CoV-2 on early human neurodevelopment and the role of cytokine balance.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Development of a laboratory-based nomogram for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19 undergoing glucocorticoid therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Association Between Oxidative Potential of Particulate Matter Collected by Personal Samplers and Systemic Inflammation Among Asthmatic and Non-Asthmatic Adults.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Sex-dependent effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia: implication for obstructive sleep apnea.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Pap12-6: A host defense peptide with potent immunomodulatory activity in a chicken hepatic cell culture.PloS one · 2024Article
- Conversion and Obsessive-Phobic Symptoms Predict IL-33 and IL-28A Levels in Individuals Diagnosed with COVID-19.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- The multifaceted nature of IL-10: regulation, role in immunological homeostasis and its relevance to cancer, COVID-19 and post-COVID conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The severity of COVID-19 is largely determined by the inflammatory response, a "Cytokine storm," that involves both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In the current study we investigated the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory status as represented by the levels of IL-6/IL-10 in severe to critical COVID-19 patients. 66 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU were categorized into groups according to the mortality and respiratory failure. Data were collected retrospectively in ICU, including a peripheral immune cells and infection-related biomarker CRP. The measurements of cytokine levels were performed by Immulite analyzer for IL-6 and ELISA sandwich for IL-10. In addition, longitudinal measurement of IL-6 was performed during 5 days post admission. Longitudinal assays showed that IL-6 was sustained at a medium level within 5 days post admission in severe cases who survived or not requiring mechanical ventilation, whereas it was sustained at high levels throughout the disease course in either deceased cases or who developed respiratory failure. The ratio of IL-6/lymphocytes was positively correlated with the risk of mortality, while IL-10/lymphocytes ratio could predict respiratory failure in ICU. IL-6/IL-10 profiling revealed that deceased patients have different magnitudes of both IL-6 and IL-10 cytokine release. Notably, excessive levels of IL-6 concomitant with high levels of IL-10 were more common in diseased COVID-19 patients. Taking into account the IL-6/IL-10 profiling may help clinicians to identify the right time of anti-inflammation treatment and select patients who will respond to anti-cytokine therapies and maintain an adequate inflammatory response for SARS-CoV-2 clearance.
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