ArticleMalaria journal2022
The Centres for Disease Control light trap (CDC-LT) and the human decoy trap (HDT) compared to the human landing catch (HLC) for measuring Anopheles biting in rural Tanzania.
Article in Malaria journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of the prevalence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Field performance of three mosquito collection methods for assessing the entomological efficacy of dual-active ingredient long-lasting insecticidal nets.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Field comparison of BG-Pro configurations with CDC light traps and evaluation of the BG-Counter 2 trap for automated mosquito surveillance in urban and rural Thailand.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Evaluation of 4 adult trap types including the newly developed VectorCube for surveillance of multiple vector groups.Journal of medical entomology · 2026Article
- Malaria entomological surveillance in Kinshasa Province: A longitudinal study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Using non-insecticidal traps indoors can complement insecticide-treated nets to target insecticide-resistant malaria vectors.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Article
- Co-occurrence of native and invasive malaria vectors in anthropogenic habitats in Metehara, Ethiopia: Opportunities for urban malaria control.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Article
- Baseline characteristics for phase II of the Kinshasa Malaria Cohort Study: cohort profile.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Current Status of Malaria Control and Elimination in Africa: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Progress and Challenges.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Review
- Evaluating human landing catches as a measure of mosquito biting and the importance of considering additional modes of action.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Visual and thermal stimuli modulate mosquito-host contact with implications for improving malaria vector control tools.iScience · 2024Article
- Article
- Seasonal dynamics, resting behaviour and insecticide susceptibility ofCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- A matter of timing: Biting by malaria-infected Anopheles mosquitoes and the use of interventions during the night in rural south-eastern Tanzania.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the solar-powered Silver Bullet 2.1 (Lumin 8) light trap for sampling malaria vectors in western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Composition of Anopheles species and bionomic characteristics over the peak malaria transmission season in Bandarban, Bangladesh.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- CDC light traps underestimate the protective efficacy of an indoor spatial repellent against bites from wild Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in Tanzania.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- PCR-RFLP assays for the identification of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) species circulating in Honduras.Malaria journal · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVector mosquito biting intensity is an important measure to understand malaria transmission. Human landing catch (HLC) is an effective but labour-intensive, expensive, and potentially hazardous entomological surveillance tool. The Centres for Disease Control light trap (CDC-LT) and the human decoy trap (HDT) are exposure-free alternatives. This study compared the CDC-LT and HDT against HLC for measuring Anopheles biting in rural Tanzania and assessed their suitability as HLC proxies.
methodsIndoor mosquito surveys using HLC and CDC-LT and outdoor surveys using HLC and HDT were conducted in 2017 and in 2019 in Ulanga, Tanzania in 19 villages, with one trap/house/night. Species composition, sporozoite rates and density/trap/night were compared. Aggregating the data by village and month, the Bland-Altman approach was used to assess agreement between trap types.
resultsOverall, 66,807 Anopheles funestus and 14,606 Anopheles arabiensis adult females were caught with 6,013 CDC-LT, 339 indoor-HLC, 136 HDT and 195 outdoor-HLC collections. Indoors, CDC-LT caught fewer An. arabiensis (Adjusted rate ratio [Adj.RR] = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-0.46, p < 0.001) and An. funestus (Adj.RR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.51-0.79, p < 0.001) than HLC per trap/night. Outdoors, HDT caught fewer An. arabiensis (Adj.RR = 0.04, 95%CI: 0.01-0.14, p < 0.001) and An. funestus (Adj.RR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.07-0.15, p < 0.001) than HLC. The bias and variability in number of mosquitoes caught by the different traps were dependent on mosquito densities. The relative efficacies of both CDC-LT and HDT in comparison to HLC declined with increased mosquito abundance. The variability in the ratios was substantial for low HLC counts and decreased as mosquito abundance increased. The numbers of sporozoite positive mosquitoes were low for all traps.
conclusionsCDC-LT can be suitable for comparing mosquito populations between study arms or over time if accuracy in the absolute biting rate, compared to HLC, is not required. CDC-LT is useful for estimating sporozoite rates because large numbers of traps can be deployed to collect adequate mosquito samples. The present design of the HDT is not amenable for use in large-scale entomological surveys. Use of HLC remains important for estimating human exposure to mosquitoes as part of estimating the entomological inoculation rate (EIR).
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