ArticleWorld journal of urology2022
Effect of theobromine on dissolution of uric acid kidney stones.
Article in World journal of urology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kidney Stone Dissolution By Tetherless, Enzyme-Loaded, Soft Magnetic Miniature Robots.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Flexible ureteroscopy combined with potassium sodium hydrogen citrate(PSHC) intervention improves the stone-free rate(SFR) for 20-30 mm uric acid renal stones.BMC urology · 2025Article
- Kidney Stones as Minerals: How Methods from Geology Could Inform Urolithiasis Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- 7-Methylxanthine Inhibits the Formation of Monosodium Urate Crystals by Increasing Its Solubility.Biomolecules · 2023Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeUric acid renal lithiasis has a high prevalence and a high rate of recurrence. Removal of uric acid stones can be achieved by several surgical techniques (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, endoscopy, laparoscopy, open surgery). These stones can also be eliminated by dissolution within the kidneys, because the solubility of uric acid is much greater when the pH is above 6. At present, N-acetylcysteine with a urinary basifying agent is the only treatment proposed to increase the dissolution of uric acid stones. In this paper, we compare the effect of theobromine and N-acetylcysteine on the in vitro dissolution of uric acid calculi in artificial urine at pH 6.5.
methodsThe dissolution of uric acid renal calculi was performed in a temperature-controlled (37 °C) chamber. A peristaltic pump was used to pass 750 mL of synthetic urine (pH 6.5) through a capsule every 24 h. Stone dissolution was evaluated by measuring the change in weight before and after each experiment.
resultsN-acetylcysteine increased the dissolution of uric acid calculi, but the effect was not statistically significant. Theobromine significantly increased the dissolution of uric acid calculi. Both substances together had the same effect as theobromine alone. The addition of theobromine to a basifying therapy that uses citrate and/or bicarbonate is a potential new strategy for the oral chemolysis of uric acid stones.
conclusionTheobromine may prevent the formation of new stones and increase the dissolution of existing stones.
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