ArticlePloS one2022
Sex differences in the immediate extinction deficit and renewal of extinguished fear in rats.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- MDMA alters fear extinction, and reduces alcohol consumption in inbred alcohol preferring iP rats but not outbred Wistar rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Renewal of conditioned fear in a third context after either extinction or counterconditioning: Testing the effects of sex and hormones.Behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Context-Dependent Extinction and Return of Pavlovian Alcohol-Seeking Behavior in Male and Female Rats.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Sexually dimorphic effects of single prolonged stress on conditioned suppression behavior in Long Evans rats with no detection of altered mRNA expression of VGLUT1, GAD1, and Arc in the ventral hippocampus.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Prefrontal hypoactivity correlates with immediate extinction deficit following Pavlovian fear conditioning with a chasing threat.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Reduction in Reward-Driven Behavior Depends on the Basolateral But Not Central Nucleus of the Amygdala in Female Rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Estrous Cycle Impacts Fear Extinction and Relapse in Female Adolescent Rats.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- Impact of satiety on palatable food associative learning and consumption in male and female adult rats.Physiology & behavior · 2025Article
- High ovarian hormones present during fear extinction reduce fear relapse through a nigrostriatal dopamine pathway.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Generalization and extinction of platform-mediated avoidance in male and female rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Renewal of conditioned fear in male and female rats.Behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Fear extinction is impaired in aged rats.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Sex divergent behavioral responses in platform-mediated avoidance and glucocorticoid receptor blockade.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Retrieval and savings of contextual fear memories across an extended retention interval in juvenile and adult male and female rats.Behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Voluntary alcohol consumption during distinct phases of adolescence differentially alters adult fear acquisition, extinction and renewal in male and female rats.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Voluntary alcohol consumption during distinct phases of adolescence differentially alters adult fear acquisition, extinction and renewal in male and female rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Closed-loop brain stimulation augments fear extinction in male rats.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Parvalbumin-Positive Interneurons in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Regulate Stress-Induced Fear Extinction Impairments in Male and Female Rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- ChAT::Cre transgenic rats show sex-dependent altered fear behaviors, ultrasonic vocalizations and cholinergic marker expression.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2023Article
- Effects of sex and retention interval on the retrieval and extinction of auditory fear conditioning.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extinction learning is central to exposure-based behavioral therapies for reducing fear and anxiety in humans. However, patients with fear and anxiety disorders are often resistant to extinction. Moreover, trauma and stress-related disorders are highly prone to relapse and are twice as likely to occur in females compared to males, suggesting that females may be more susceptible to extinction deficits and fear relapse phenomena. In this report, we tested this hypothesis by examining sex differences in a stress-induced extinction learning impairment, the immediate extinction deficit (IED), and renewal, a common form of fear relapse. In contrast to our hypothesis, there were no sex differences in the magnitude of the immediate extinction deficit in two different rat strains (Long-Evans and Wistar). However, we did observe a sex difference in the renewal of fear when the extinguished conditioned stimulus was presented outside the extinction context. Male Wistar rats exhibited significantly greater renewal than female rats, a sex difference that has previously been reported after appetitive extinction. Collectively, these data reveal that stress-induced extinction impairments are similar in male and female rats, though the context-dependence of extinction is more pronounced in males.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.