ArticleAIDS and behavior2022
Awareness, Understanding and HIV Stigma in Response to Undetectable = Untransmittable Messages: Findings from a Nationally Representative Sample in the United Kingdom.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Undetectable = Untransmittable: A Cross-Population Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Awareness and Acceptance.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Joint Associations of Undetectable=Untransmittable Awareness and Social Proximity with Sexual Decision-Making With People Living With HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Public knowledge and attitudes towards HIV and people with HIV in Switzerland: results of a national survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Experiences of undetectable = untransmittable among couples with different HIV serostatus: a qualitative study in Tanzania and Uganda.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U): insights from people living with HIV attending health facilities in Rwanda.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Low Level of Accurate Knowledge of Undetectable Equals Untransmittable (U = U) Among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) Challenges U = U Achievement in Chengdu, Southwestern China.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- HIV-related public stigma in the era of "Undetectable = Untransmittable": a population-based study in Hong Kong.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Tackling late HIV diagnosis: Lessons from the UK in the COVID-19 era.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2024Review
- Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV among People Living with HIV: Should We Be Concerned?Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Potential Role of Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) in Reducing HIV Stigma among Sexual Minority Men in the US.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Awareness and Willingness to use Condoms and Preexposure Prophylaxis among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Cisgendered Men who Have sex with men in Slum Communities in Ghana. BSGH-004.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
- "The First Thing I Must do is Become Undetectable": Examining U=U Awareness and the HIV Care Continuum Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in Lima, Peru.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
'Undetectable = Untransmittable', or 'U = U', is a message which communicates the scientific consensus that people living with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load cannot sexually transmit HIV to others. This research aimed to empirically test whether a protection-framed U = U message is more effective at decreasing HIV stigma and increasing perceived accuracy of U = U than a risk-framed message. A nationally representative UK sample (N = 707) completed an online experiment. Participants viewed one of two U = U messages (protection-framed or risk-framed) and completed an online questionnaire. No evidence of a difference in HIV stigma at post-test or in perceived accuracy of U = U was found between the two message frame conditions. A minority of participants were aware of U = U prior to participation. Post-intervention, the majority of participants rated U = U as at least somewhat accurate. Higher understanding of U = U was associated with lower post-test stigma following a protection-framed message. Following a brief intervention, among a sample predominantly unaware of U = U previously, there was an overall favourable rating of U = U. No evidence was found for an effect of message framing on HIV stigma or perceived accuracy of U = U, but participants who completed a pre-test measure of stigma rated U = U as less accurate.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.