ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2022
Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 microbiological surveillance by the Spanish Reference Laboratory: geographic distribution and phylogenetic analysis of subtypes from 2009 to 2019.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review.Food and environmental virology · 2023Pooled it
- Hospital Admissions for Hepatitis A and E in Spain: Nationwide Trends and In-Hospital Outcomes.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Clinical Burden of Symptomatic HEV-3 Infection in Southern Spain.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Current global estimates, risk factors, and knowledge gaps for Hepatitis E virus (HEV): A scoping review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Distinct distribution of HEV-3 subtypes across humans, animals, and environmental waters in Sweden.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Hepatitis E virus subtype 3f infections: rare but increasingly identified in Japan.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Article
- HEV-3 subtypes and strains detected in cases of HEV infection in central Italy from 2015 to 2023.Infection · 2025Article
- Performance Comparison of Four Hepatitis E Antibodies Detection Methods.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Prevalence ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Relevance of Tacrolimus Trough Concentration and Hepatitis E virus Genetic Changes in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Chronic Hepatitis E.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- The molecular epidemiology of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in Canada.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- Metabarcoding of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 and Norovirus GII from Wastewater Samples in England Using Nanopore Sequencing.Food and environmental virology · 2023Article
- Epidemiological survey and risk factors associated withOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Evidence of Circulation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Wild Boar in South-East Italy.Viruses · 2023Article
- Optimization of the molecular diagnosis of the acute hepatitis E virus infection.Microbial biotechnology · 2023Article
- Temporal changes in the genotypes of Paslahepevirus balayani in southern Spain and their possible link with changes in pig trade imports.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence Trends and Molecular Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis in Croatia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Strains from Pigs Farmed in Eight European Countries between 2020 and 2022.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2023Article
- Hepatitis E genotype 3 genome: A comprehensive analysis of entropy, motif conservation, relevant mutations, and clade-associated polymorphisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
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14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BackgroundHepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) is widely distributed throughout Europe, with incidence of infections increasing in many countries. Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom have reported the distribution of HEV-3 subtypes in cohorts of patients with hepatic disease.AimTo describe the distribution of the HEV-3 subtypes in Spain at national and autonomous community (AC) levels between 2009 and 2019. The study was also extended to Andorra.MethodsOf 5,197 samples received by the National Reference Laboratory during the study, 409 were HEV-RNA-positive. Among these, 294 (71.9%) were further typed based on an ORF2 sequence fragment, or, for a subset of 74, based on the full-coding genome sequence.ResultsHEV-3 was detected in 291 samples. The dominant subtype in Spain was HEV-3f (88.3%; 257/291), which occurred in all ACs, with no change in detection level over time. Within this subtype, three subclusters were characterised: HEV-3f-B, HEV-3f-A1 and HEV-3f-A2. The second most common HEV subtype was the recently described HEV-3m (7%; 21/291), with two subclusters identified: HEV-3m-A, which has been known since 2010, and HEV-3m-B, since 2014. The third most encountered subtype was HEV-3c (4.1%; 12/291), with a frequency not increasing over time, unlike observations in some European countries.ConclusionThe importance of the surveillance of HEV-3 subtype and subcluster circulation is yet to be assessed. This surveillance together with the comprehensive epidemiological characterisation of clinical cases, could support the identification of sources of transmission and the establishment of control measures nationally and internationally.
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