SynthesisInternational journal of clinical practice2022
Opium Use and Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
Synthesis in International journal of clinical practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of cancer incidence and mortality in patients with chronic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of opium consumption on prostate cancer among Iranian patients: A retrospective analytical study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Associations between Opium Route of Use and Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Potential Carcinogenicity Mechanism.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Impact of smoking and opium cessation on gastrointestinal cancer risk: A 15-year longitudinal study in Golestan Cohort.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interaction between opium use and cigarette smoking on bladder cancer: An inverse probability weighting approach based on a multicenter case-control study in Iran.Global epidemiology · 2025Article
- Survival assessment and pre-diagnostic risk factors for lung cancer incidence: Insights from the Golestan Cohort Study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Opioids and Cancer: Current Understanding and Clinical Considerations.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Association between opioids use and risk of multiple cancers: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Journal of anesthesia and translational medicine · 2024Article
- Opium use and gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis study.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2024Review
- Prevalence and determinants of opioid use disorder among long-term opiate users in Golestan Cohort Study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Mediterranean diet, and not dietary inflammatory index, is associated with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, the impact of disease and functional disability.European journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- [Socioeconomic status and cecal adenocarcinoma mortality risk: an American population-based analysis].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2023Article
- Opium alkaloids, biosynthesis, pharmacology and association with cancer occurrence.Open biology · 2023Review
- Promoter Methylation of TwoAddiction & health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent associations between opium use and cancer risk. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between opium use and cancer risk. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar until February 2021 and references of retrieved relevant articles for observational studies that reported the risk of cancer in relation to opium use. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled effect sizes (ESs) as well as 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between opium use and cancer risk by considering opium doses and types, duration of consumption, and routes of opium use. Results: In total, 21 observational articles, with a total sample size of 64,412 individuals and 6,658 cases of cancer, were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Ever opium users, compared with never opium users, had 3.53 times greater risk of overall cancer (pooled ES: 3.53, 95% CI: 2.60-4.79, Conclusions: Our findings showed that opium use, particularly in the form of teriak, is a risk factor for cancer.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.