ReviewKidney international reports2022
Principles of Virtual Crossmatch Testing for Kidney Transplantation.
Review in Kidney international reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-transplant evaluation of immunological risk in paediatric kidney transplant recipients.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- ISOT Position Statement on Immunological Evaluation in Kidney Transplantation.Clinical transplantation · 2026Article
- Hyperacute Rejection of a Kidney Allograft Associated with Anti-Histidyl-tRNA Synthetase and Anti-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 Antibodies.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Nanodisc-Based Platform for HLA Antibody Identification.Advanced functional materials · 2026Article
- The evolving deceased donor kidney transplantation programme in Sri Lanka: current landscape, constraints, and next steps.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Review
- Building pragmatic transplant immunobiology in Sri Lanka: a concise review with an LMIC lens.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Review
- Retrospective cohort study of epitope-based virtual crossmatch allocation in a public transplant system (Pernambuco, Brazil).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Beyond histocompatibility: human leukocyte antigen as a cross-disciplinary platform for immune recognition and clinical decision-making.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Serological and Clinical Evaluation of Incompatible Crossmatches Encountered in Pre-transfusion Testing.Cureus · 2026Article
- Status quo of histocompatibility testing and prospects for virtual crossmatching within the Korean kidney allocation system: survey of laboratory directors.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Article
- Article
- Diminished immune cell adhesion in hypoimmune ICAM-1 knockout human pluripotent stem cells.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Expanding role of antibodies in kidney transplantation.World journal of transplantation · 2025Review
- Understanding "Null Allele" in Renal Transplantation.Transplantation direct · 2024Article
- Development of a checklist framework for kidney transplantation.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Review
- Role of Complement-dependent Cytotoxicity Crossmatch and HLA Typing in Solid Organ Transplant.Reviews on recent clinical trials · 2024Review
- Impact of allele-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen class I antibodies on organ allocation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023Article
- Virtual crossmatch for deceased donor kidney transplantation in the United States: A survey of histocompatibility lab directors and transplant surgeons.Human immunology · 2023Article
- Novel insights in the clinical management of hyperimmune patients before and after transplantation.Current research in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are the primary determinants of alloimmunity. A crossmatch test is a test that determines the immunologic risk of a recipient with a potential donor by ensuring that there are no transplant-relevant circulating antibodies in the recipient directed against donor antigens. Physical crossmatch (PXM) tests, such as complement-dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch (CDCXM) and flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM), require mixing of patient serum and donor cells, are labor intensive, and are logistically challenging. Virtual crossmatch (VXM) test assesses immunologic compatibility between recipient and potential donor by analyzing the results of 2 independently done physical laboratory tests-patient anti-HLA antibody and donor HLA typing. The goal of VXM is pretransplant risk stratification-though there is no consensus on whether such risk assessment involves predicting the PXM result or the posttransplant outcome. Although the concept of VXM is not new, the advent of solid-phase assays for detecting circulating antibodies in the recipient directed against individual HLA and DNA-based methods for typing donor HLA specificities at a higher resolution makes the routine use of VXM a reality. Accordingly, VXM may be applied at different scenarios-both for sensitized and nonsensitized patients. Implementation of VXM-based approach has resulted in statistically significant reduction in cold ischemia time without an increase in hyperacute rejection episodes. Though there are considerable challenges, VXM is expected to be used more often in the future, depending on the transplant center's tolerance of immunologic risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.