Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35685314›Full record

ArticleKidney international reports2022

Early Identification of CKD-A Scoping Review of the Global Populations.

Ikechi G Okpechi, Fergus J Caskey, Abduzhappar Gaipov, Elliot K Tannor, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Emmanuel Effa, Udeme E Ekrikpo, Laura N Hamonic, Gloria Ashuntantang, Aminu K Bello and 10 more

Open access · goldAbstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Kidney international reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. "Kidney international reports · 2025
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  15. Chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025
    Review
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  19. Article
  20. Framework of Guidelines for Management of CKD in Asia.Kidney international reports · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 15 institutions in 15 countries.

Ikechi G OkpechiDepartment of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Fergus J CaskeyPopulation Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Abduzhappar GaipovDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Elliot K TannorRenal Unit, Department of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
Jean Jacques NoubiapCentre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Emmanuel EffaDepartment of Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Udeme E EkrikpoDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
Laura N HamonicJohn W. Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Gloria AshuntantangDepartment of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Aminu K BelloDepartment of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Jo-Ann DonnerInternational Society of Nephrology, Brussels, Belgium.
Ana E FigueiredoSchool of Health Science and Life-Nursing School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Reiko InagiDivision of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Magdalena MaderoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Charu MalikInternational Society of Nephrology, Brussels, Belgium.
Monica MoorthyInternational Society of Nephrology, Brussels, Belgium.
Roberto Pecoits-FilhoArbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Vladimir TesarDepartment of Nephrology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Adeera LevinDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Vivekanand JhaGeorge Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, New Delhi, India.
University of Alberta · CACharles University · CZEdward Francis Small Teaching Hospital · GMInstituto Nacional de Cardiología · MXKomfo Anokye Teaching Hospital · GHManipal Academy of Higher Education · INNazarbayev University · KZPontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná · BRPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul · BRThe University of Adelaide · AUThe University of Tokyo · JPUniversité de Yaoundé I · CMUniversity of Bristol · GBUniversity of British Columbia · CAUniversity of Uyo · NG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Decisions on whether to screen for chronic kidney disease (CKD) or not remain contentious in nephrology. This study provides a global overview of early CKD identification efforts. Methods: Guidelines for scoping reviews were followed and studies were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Data extracted from included studies focused on the following 4 themes: study population, measurement methods, interventions used, and available policies. Results: We identified 290 CKD screening and detection programs from 83 countries. Overall sample size was 3.72 million (North East Asia: 1.19 million), detection of CKD was the aim in 97.6%, 63.1% used population-based screening methods, and only 12.4% were in rural populations. Reported CKD prevalence (stages 3-5) was higher in targeted- (14.8%) than population-based studies (8.0%). Number of persons needed to screen (NNS) to identify 1 case was also lower in targeted studies (7 vs. 13). Single measurements (80%) and the combination of estimation of glomerular filtration rate with a urine test (albuminuria/proteinuria) (71.4%) were frequently used to detect CKD. Only 2.8% of studies included an intervention such as pharmacotherapy in identified cases. Policies on early identification were available in 30.1% of countries included. Conclusion: Methods for early CKD identification vary worldwide, often leading to wide variations in the reported prevalence. Efforts to standardize measurement methods for early detection focusing on high-risk populations and ensuring appropriate interventions are available to those identified with CKD will improve the value of programs and improve patient outcomes.

Indexed as

chronic kidney diseaseearly detectionestimated glomerular filtration rateinterventionmeasurementscreening

Identifiers

PMID35685314
PMCPMC9171699
OpenAlexW4224247377

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.