ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
A Potential Role of Keratinocyte-Derived Bilirubin in Human Skin Yellowness and Its Amelioration by Sucrose Laurate/Dilaurate.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation Between Advanced Glycation End Products and Ultrasonographic Measurements of Cervico-Facial Skin Tissue.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mapping the Fine-Scale Aging Landscape of Young Chinese Women: A LOESS-Based Analysis of 45 Biophysical Skin Parameters.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Clinical Parameters Involved in Skin Tone Perception of Asian Population.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Enhancing Niacinamide Skin Penetration via Other Skin Brightening Agents: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The HELP-UnaG Fusion Protein as a Bilirubin Biosensor: From Theory to Mature Technological Development.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Does Bilirubin Have a Causal Relationship With Vitiligo? A Mendelian Randomization Study and Bioinformatics Analysis.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Article
- Identification of Yellow Advanced Glycation End Products in Human Skin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Skin Color Analysis of Various Body Parts (Forearm, Upper Arm, Elbow, Knee, and Shin) and Changes with Age in 53 Korean Women, Considering Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Facial Skin Aging Characteristics of the Old-Perceived Age in a 20-40 Years Old Chinese Female Population.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2024Article
- Development of a method for evaluating skin dullness: A mathematical model explaining dullness by the color, optical properties, and microtopography of the skin.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2023Article
- Sleep Deprivation Increases Facial Skin Yellowness.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Keratinocytes Treated withJournal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sallow and/or dull skin appearance is greatly attributable to the yellow components of skin tone. Bilirubin is a yellow chromophore known to be made in the liver and/or spleen and is transported throughout the body via the blood stream. Recent publications suggest bilirubin may be synthesized in other cells/organs, including the skin. We found human keratinocytes express the transcripts involved in bilirubin biosynthesis. In parallel, we also found human keratinocytes could indeed synthesize bilirubin in monolayer keratinocytes and in a 3D human skin-equivalent model. The synthesized amount was substantial enough to contribute to skin yellowness. In addition, oxidative stress enhanced bilirubin production. Using UnaG, a protein that forms a fluorescent species upon binding to bilirubin, we also visualized the intracellular expression of bilirubin in keratinocytes. Finally, we screened a compound library and discovered that the sucrose laurate/dilaurate (SDL) combination significantly reduced bilirubin levels, as well as bilirubin-mediated yellowness. In conclusion, bilirubin is indeed synthesized in epidermal keratinocytes and can be upregulated by oxidative stress, which could contribute to chronic or transient yellow skin tone appearance. Application of SDL diminishes bilirubin generation and may be a potential solution to mitigate yellowish and/or dull skin appearance.
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Registered trials
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