ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2022
Nanodelivery System for Ovsynch Protocol Improves Ovarian Response, Ovarian Blood Flow Doppler Velocities, and Hormonal Profile of Goats.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ovarian Function, Hormonal, Metabolic, Oxidative Stress, and Gene Expression Biomarker Responses of Holstein Heifers Under Heat Stress Conditions to a Reduced Dose of Nanofabricated GnRH Analog Within the Ovsynch Protocol.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Review
- Optimizing ovulation synchronization in Holstein heifers: implementing a half-dose GnRH analogue (Buserelin Acetate) in a nanofabricated form within the ovsynch protocol to enhance the ovarian activity and reproductive performance outcomes.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Editorial: Advancing animal reproduction: Artificial Intelligence, precision technologies and reproductive biotechnologies.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- The impacts of L-citrulline and sildenafil on penile and testicular vascular perfusion pattern, advanced testicular analysis, steroids, and semen picture in normospermic dogs.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Metallic, carbon-based, and polymeric nanomaterials: transforming dairy farming practices for sustainability.Food chemistry: X · 2025Review
- Use of Natural Biomolecules in Animal Feed to Enhance Livestock Reproduction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Evaluating the Impact of Minimized GnRH and PGFPharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Outcomes of dietary alpha-lipoic acid on testicular vascularization, steroid hormones, and seminal quality in aged Baladi bucks.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) and Its Agonists in Bovine Reproduction II: Diverse Applications during Insemination, Post-Insemination, Pregnancy, and Postpartum Periods.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Use of Short-Term CIDR-Based Protocols for Oestrus Synchronisation in Goats at Tropical and Subtropical Latitudes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Anatomical, histological, and histochemical alterations in portio vaginalis uteri with an evaluation of the vaginal artery vascularity during the luteal and early pregnant stages in domestic buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Hemodynamic changes in late advanced pregnant Zaraibi goats during the peripartum period.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Coat color affects the resilience against heat stress impacts on testicular hemodynamics, reproductive hormones, and semen quality in Baladi goats.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Application of Exogenous GnRH in Food Animal Production.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Association between body condition score, testicular haemodynamics and echogenicity, nitric oxide levels, and total antioxidant capacity in rams.Irish veterinary journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation enhances testicular volume and hemodynamics, reproductive hormones, sperm quality, and seminal antioxidant capacity in goat bucks under summer hot humid conditions.Veterinary research communications · 2022Article
- Ovarian, uterine, and luteal vascular perfusions during follicular and luteal phases in the adult cyclic female rabbits with special orientation to their histological detection of hormone receptor.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Histological and hemodynamic characterization of corpus luteum throughout the luteal phase in pregnant and non-pregnant buffalos in relation to nitric oxide levels based on its anatomical determination.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fifteen cyclic, multiparous goats were equally stratified and received the common Ovsynch protocol (GPG: intramuscular, IM, injection of 50 mg gonadorelin, followed by an IM injection of 125 µg cloprostenol 7 days later, and a further IM injection of 50 mg gonadorelin 2 days later) or the Ovsynch protocol using nanofabricated hormones with the same dosages (NGPG) or half dosages (HNGPG) of each hormone. The ovarian structures and ovarian and luteal artery hemodynamic indices after each injection of the Ovsynch protocol using B-mode, color, and spectral Doppler scanning were monitored. Levels of blood serum progesterone (P4), estradiol (E2), and nitric oxide (NO) were determined. After the first gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection, the number of large follicles decreased (p = 0.02) in NGPG and HNGPG, compared with GPG. HNGPG resulted in larger corpus luteum (CL) diameters (p = 0.001), and improved ovarian and luteal blood flow, compared with GPG and NGPG. Both NGPG and HNGPG significantly increased E2 and NO levels compared with GPG. HNGPG increased (p < 0.001) P4 levels compared with GPG, whereas NGPG resulted in an intermediate value. After prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) injection, HNGPG had the largest diameter of CLs (p = 0.001) and significantly improved ovarian blood flow compared with GPG and NGPG. Both NGPG and HNGPG increased (p = 0.007) NO levels, compared with GPG. E2 level was increased (p = 0.028) in HNGPG, compared with GPG, whereas NGPG resulted in an intermediate value. During the follicular phase, HNGPG increased (p = 0.043) the number of medium follicles, shortened (p = 0.04) the interval to ovulation, and increased (p < 0.001) ovarian artery blood flow and levels (p < 0.001) of blood serum P4, E2, and NO, compared with GPG and NGPG. During the luteal phase, the numbers of CLs were similar among different experimental groups, whereas the diameter of CLs, luteal blood flow, and levels of blood serum P4 and NO increased (p < 0.001) in HNGPG, compared with GPG and NGPG. Conclusively, the nanodelivery system for the Ovsynch protocol could be recommended as a new strategy for improving estrous synchronization outcomes of goats while enabling lower hormone dose administration.
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