ArticleBMC oral health2022
Three-dimensional evaluation of hyoid bone position in nasal and mouth breathing subjects with skeletal Class I, and Class II.
Article in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Three-dimensional assessment of pharyngeal airway hyoid bone and craniocervical changes after stabilization splint treatment in temporomandibular disorder patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A CBCT Morphometric Study of Hyoid Bone According to Skeletal and Breathing Patterns Using Multi-Factor Robust ANOVA.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Expert consensus on orthodontic treatment of protrusive facial deformities.International journal of oral science · 2025Review
- The hyoid bone position and upper airway morphology among children with and without adenotonsillar hypertrophy: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Mouth breathing reduces oral function in adolescence.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cephalometric differences in grades II and IV adenoid hypertrophy: A cross-sectional study.Journal of orthodontic science · 2024Article
- Adenoid facies: a long-term vicious cycle of mouth breathing, adenoid hypertrophy, and atypical craniofacial development.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- A Study of the Facial Soft Tissue Morphology in Nasal- and Mouth-Breathing Patients.International dental journal · 2023Article
- The effect of orthodontic vertical control on the changes in the upper airway size and tongue and hyoid position in adult patients with hyperdivergent skeletal class II.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Article
- Position of the Hyoid Bone and Dimension of Nasopharynx and Oropharynx after Occlusal Splint Therapy and Physiotherapy in Patients Diagnosed with Temporomandibular Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Three-dimensional evaluation of pharyngeal airway and maxillary arch in mouth and nasal breathing children with skeletal Class I and II.BMC oral health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThis retrospective study investigated the effect of breathing pattern, skeletal class (Class I, Class II), and age on the hyoid bone position (HBP) in normodivergent subjects.
methodsA total of 126 subjects (61 males, 65 females) aged 7-9 years and 10-12 years were scanned using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). All participants were classified according to the anteroposterior skeletal pattern into (Class I, Class II). Each skeletal group was further divided according to the breathing mode into mouth breathers (MB) and nasal breathers (NB). The HBP was measured accordingly. Independent sample t-test and Mann Whitney U test were used to detect significant differences between the groups, and binary logistic regression was used to identify MB predictive indicators.
resultsThe breathing mode and skeletal class affected the vertical HBP in subjects with 7-9 years, while they affected the anteroposterior HBP in subjects with 10-12 years. Regarding the age effect, hyoid bone was located more anteriorly in the older NB subjects, and hyoid bone was more inferiorly in the older age group. A regression equation of the significant variables was formulated, C3-Me (P: 001, OR: 2.27), and H-EB (P: 0.046, OR: 1.16) were positively correlated with occurrence of MB.
conclusionThere were significantly different HBPs among subjects with different anteroposterior skeletal classes, breathing modes, and age cohorts. Moreover, C3-Me, and H-EB were significant predictors and correlated with increased likelihood of being MB subject.
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