ArticleNature genetics2022
Mendelian imputation of parental genotypes improves estimates of direct genetic effects.
Article in Nature genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Multi-ancestry study of the genetics of problematic alcohol use in over 1 million individuals.Nature medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Overcoming attenuation bias in regressions using polygenic indices.Nature communications · 2023Pooled it
- Robust genetic nurture effects on education: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on 38,654 families across 8 cohorts.American journal of human genetics · 2021Pooled it
- Imputation of fluid intelligence scores reduces ascertainment bias and increases power for analyses of common and rare variants.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- No genome-wide correlations and little shared genetic architecture between reproductive life-history traits and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer risk.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Genetics of Educational Attainment and Childhood Problem Behavior: Direct Genetic Effects, Cognitive Pathways, and Sex Differences.Behavior genetics · 2026Article
- The contribution of common and rare genetic variation to emotional and behavioural symptoms in childhood and adolescence.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Identifying independent causal cell types for human diseases and risk variants.Cell genomics · 2026Article
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- Common and rare genetic variant associations with cognitive performance across development in British birth cohorts.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Indirect genetic effects of siblings.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Exploratory Genome and Transcriptome-Wide Association Analyses of Addiction-Related Phenotypes in a Twin Cohort.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Separating direct, indirect, and parent-of-origin genetic effects in the human population.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- A generalized test of genotype-phenotype causality in population-sampled nuclear families.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- [Association analysis between genetic nurturing effects ofBeijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2026Article
- Neurobehavioural genes exert indirect genetic effects on blood lipid profiles through behavioural traits.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Genomic-Relatedness Matching Expands Population Coverage, Improves Power, and Reduces Bias in Genetic Association Analyses.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- A sibling study of variation in parental mutation rates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Estimating uncertainty in family-based GWAS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Effects estimated by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) include effects of alleles in an individual on that individual (direct genetic effects), indirect genetic effects (for example, effects of alleles in parents on offspring through the environment) and bias from confounding. Within-family genetic variation is random, enabling unbiased estimation of direct genetic effects when parents are genotyped. However, parental genotypes are often missing. We introduce a method that imputes missing parental genotypes and estimates direct genetic effects. Our method, implemented in the software package snipar (single-nucleotide imputation of parents), gives more precise estimates of direct genetic effects than existing approaches. Using 39,614 individuals from the UK Biobank with at least one genotyped sibling/parent, we estimate the correlation between direct genetic effects and effects from standard GWASs for nine phenotypes, including educational attainment (r = 0.739, standard error (s.e.) = 0.086) and cognitive ability (r = 0.490, s.e. = 0.086). Our results demonstrate substantial confounding bias in standard GWASs for some phenotypes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.