Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35678698›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2022

Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy: Initiation and Birth Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Tanzania

M K Quinn, Paige L Williams, Alfa Muhihi, Christopher P Duggan, Nzovu Ulenga, Fadhlun M Alwy Al-Beity, Nandita Perumal, Said Aboud, Wafaie W Fawzi, Karim P Manji and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

M K QuinnDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Paige L WilliamsDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Alfa MuhihiManagement and Development for Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Christopher P DugganDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Nzovu UlengaManagement and Development for Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Fadhlun M Alwy Al-BeityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Nandita PerumalDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3624-4405
Said AboudDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Wafaie W FawziDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Karim P ManjiDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Christopher R SudfeldDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Harvard University · USMuhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences · TZManagement and Development for Health · TZBoston Children's Hospital · USHarvard Global Health Institute · USStanford University · US

Funding

ROLE OF DIETARY CONSTITUENTS ON GENE EXPRESSION IN INTESTINAL EPITHELIUMP30DK040561 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI CHRISTOPHER P DUGGAN · 1994 to 2026
$31.6M
BIOSTATISTICS/EPIDEMIOLOGY TRAINING GRANTS IN AIDST32AI007358 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI Michael David Hughes · 1989 to 2026
$12.4M
Trial of Vitamin D in Maternal HIV Progression and Child HealthR01HD083113 · NICHD · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI FAWZI, WAFAIE W, SUDFELD, CHRISTOPHER · 2014 to 2018
$2.4M
Patient-oriented Research in Pediatric Diarrheal DiseasesK24DK104676 · NIDDK · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI DUGGAN, CHRISTOPHER P · 2015 to 2019
$903k
NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007358NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD083113NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD83113NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK040561NIH HHS K24DK104676
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCombination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation during pregnancy reduces the risk of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission; however, studies have suggested that there may be unintended adverse consequences on birth outcomes for selected cART regimens.

methodsWe analyzed adverse birth outcomes among a prospective cohort of 1307 pregnant women with HIV in Dar es Salaam who initiated cART during the first or second trimester of a singleton pregnancy. Our primary analysis compared birth outcomes by gestational age at cART initiation among these women initiating cART in pregnancy.

resultsAmong women who initiated cART in pregnancy, there was no relationship of gestational age at cART initiation with the risk of fetal death or stillbirth. However, women who initiated cART before 20 weeks of gestation compared with after 20 weeks had increased risk of preterm birth (risk ratio [RR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.67) but decreased risk of small-for-gestational age birth (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, .55-.93).

conclusionsWith increasing use of cART preconception and early in pregnancy, clinicians should be aware of the benefits and potential risks of cART regimens to optimize birth outcomes.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsPregnancy Complications, InfectiousPremature BirthFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornPregnancyPregnancy OutcomeProspective StudiesTanzaniaantiretroviralsARTbirth outcomescARTpregnancy

Identifiers

PMID35678698
PMCPMC9890905
OpenAlexW4281703630

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.