SynthesisFrontiers in aging neuroscience2022
Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia in Training Regimes and in Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Aging Biomarkers and Age-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep disorders increase the risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and cognitive decline: a meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2025Pooled it
- Resistance Training Improves Sleep and Anti-Inflammatory Parameters in Sarcopenic Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Epigenetic insights of Olympic champions: nuclear and mitochondrial DNA methylation and regulators of aging.GeroScience · 2026Article
- iNOS/NOX-mediated stress, telomerase activity, and hTERT expression as potential biomarkers in sleep apnea.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Unveiling the molecular and cellular links between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and vascular aging.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Climbing the longevity pyramid: overview of evidence-driven healthcare prevention strategies for human longevity.Frontiers in aging · 2024Review
- The common link between sleep apnea syndrome and osteoarthritis: a literature review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Exploiting moderate hypoxia to benefit patients with brain disease: Molecular mechanisms and translational research in progress.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2023Article
- Statin Use in Relation to COVID-19 and Other Respiratory Infections: Muscle and Other Considerations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Gene polymorphisms associated with heterogeneity and senescence characteristics of sarcopenia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2023Article
- Advances in Molecular Pathology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several studies have assessed the effects of intermittent hypoxia-normoxia training (IHNT), intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia training (IHHT), and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on aging and age-related diseases in humans; however, the results remain contradictory. Therefore, this review aims to systematically summarize the available studies on the effects of IHNT, IHHT, and OSA on aging and age-related diseases. Relevant studies were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library databases, and through manual searching from reference lists of eligible studies. A total of 38 eligible studies were included in this systematic review. IHHT and IHNT provide positive effects on several age-related parameters including quality of life, cognitive and physical functions, plasma level of glucose and cholesterol/LDL, systolic blood pressure, red blood cells, and inflammation. Moreover, moderate intermittent hypoxia induces telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) activity and telomere stabilization, delays induction of senescence-associated markers expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase, upregulates pluripotent marker (Oct4), activates a metabolic shift, and raises resistance to pro-apoptotic stimuli. On the contrary, intermittent hypoxia in OSA causes hypertension, metabolic syndrome, vascular function impairment, quality of life and cognitive scores reduction, advanced brain aging, increase in insulin resistance, plasma hydrogen peroxide, GSH, IL-6, hsCRP, leptin, and leukocyte telomere shortening. Thus, it can be speculated that the main factor that determines the direction of the intermittent hypoxia action is the intensity and duration of exposure. There is no direct study to prove that IHNT/IHHT actually increases life expectancy in humans. Therefore, further study is needed to investigate the actual effect of IHNT/IHHT on aging in humans. Systematic Review Registration: www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42022298499.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.