Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35676740›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2022

Mapping the global distribution of Strongyloides stercoralis and hookworms by ecological niche modeling.

Pedro Emanuel Fleitas, Sebastián Dario Kehl, Walter Lopez, Marina Travacio, Elvia Nieves, José Fernando Gil, Rubén Oscar Cimino, Alejandro Javier Krolewiecki

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  11. Ivermectin Treatment forCase reports in hematology · 2026
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  12. Parasite epidemiology and control · 2025
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  18. When Eosinophils Speak: A Case ofIndian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Pedro Emanuel Fleitas *Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Sede Regional Orán Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Sebastián Dario Kehl *Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. C. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Walter LopezInstituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Sede Regional Orán Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Marina TravacioFacultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Elvia NievesInstituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Sede Regional Orán Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
José Fernando GilInstituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Sede Regional Orán Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Rubén Oscar CiminoInstituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Sede Regional Orán Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Alejandro Javier KrolewieckiInstituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Sede Regional Orán Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina. alekrol@hotmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe WHO has established a control strategy for Strongyloides stercoralis in school-aged children as well as targets and to maintain control programs for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms. For an efficient development of control programs, it is necessary to know the target countries around the world, as well as the areas within each country where efforts should be focused. Therefore, maps that provide information on the areas at risk for soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections on a national and sub-national scale would allow for a better allocation of resources.

methodsWe used the ecological niche models MaxEnt and Kuenm R library to estimate the global distribution of S. stercoralis and hookworms. We used occurrence points of both species extracted from surveys of two literature reviews and from the Global Atlas of Helminth Infection database, together with 14 raster maps of environmental variables.

resultsWe obtained two raster maps with the presence probability of S. stercoralis and hookworm infections at a global level and then estimated the global population at risk to be 2.6 and 3.4 billion, respectively. The population at risk was also estimated at the country level using estimations for areas as small as 25 km

conclusionsHere we provide information that can be used for developing more efficient and integrated control strategies for S. stercoralis and hookworm infections. This information can be annexed to the study of other risk factors or even other diseases to assess the health status of a community. GRAPHICAL ABSTARCT.

Indexed as

HelminthiasisHookworm InfectionsStrongyloides stercoralisStrongyloidiasisAncylostomatoideaAnimalsAscaris lumbricoidesChildEcosystemFecesHumansPrevalenceSoilSoilEcological niche modelsEnvironmental variablesHookwormsPopulation at riskStrongyloides stercoralis

Identifiers

PMID35676740
PMCPMC9178904

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.