ArticleScientific reports2022
The ratio of serum LL-37 levels to blood leucocyte count correlates with COVID-19 severity.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 compacts nucleic acids and alters neutrophil extracellular trap structure.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Investigation of Regulation and Binding Patterns of the Human Cathelicidin Peptide LL-37 in Complexation with Nucleic Acids, and its Impact on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- LL-37 Inhibits TMPRSS2-Mediated S2' Site Cleavage and SARS-CoV-2 Infection but Not Omicron Variants.Cell proliferation · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients with osteoporosis: a nationwide cohort study in Korea using the common data model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Association between Lifestyle Factors and COVID-19: Findings from Qatar Biobank.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Phytochemicals and Vitamin D for a Healthy Life and Prevention of Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin in thrombosis and thromboinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Beneficial effects of vitamin D on COVID-19 progression have been discussed in several studies. Vitamin D stimulates the expression of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37, and evidence shows that LL-37 can antagonize SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we investigated the association between LL-37 and vitamin D serum levels and the severity of COVID-19. To this end, 78 COVID-19 patients were divided into 5 groups according to disease severity. We determined serum levels of LL-37, vitamin D, and routine laboratory parameters. We demonstrated a correlation of CRP, IL-6, PCT, leukocyte count, and LDH with the severity of COVID-19. Our study did not demonstrate a direct relationship between serum levels of LL-37 and vitamin D and the severity of COVID-19. LL-37 is produced by granulocytes and released at the site of inflammation. Therefore, the analysis of LL-37 in broncho-alvelolar lavage rather than in patient serum seems critical. However, since LL-37 is produced by granulocytes, we determined serum LL-37 levels as a function of leukocyte count. The LL-37/leukocyte count ratio correlates highly significantly inversely proportional with COVID-19 severity. Our results indicate that the LL-37/leukocyte count ratio could be used to assess the risk of COVID-19 progression as early as hospital admission.
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