Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35676390›Full record

ArticleJournal of community health2022

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy, Acceptance, and Promotion Among Healthcare Workers: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.

Beth L Hoffman, Cassandra L Boness, Kar-Hai Chu, Riley Wolynn, Larissa Sallowicz, Dino Mintas, Antoine B Douaihy, Elizabeth M Felter, Jaime E Sidani

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of community health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Insights Into Veterans' Motivations and Hesitancies for COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2025
    Article
  4. Prevalence, nature, and determinants of COVID-19-related conspiracy theories among healthcare workers: a scoping review.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Observational
  7. Temporal trends in vaccine hesitancy among Caribbean health workers: analysis of 2021 and 2024 surveys.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Beth L HoffmanDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. Beth.hoffman@pitt.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-6576-8748
Cassandra L BonessDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Kar-Hai ChuDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Riley WolynnDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Larissa SallowiczDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Dino MintasVISIMO, 400 Main Street, Coraopolis, PA, 15108, USA.
Antoine B DouaihyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Elizabeth M FelterDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Jaime E SidaniDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
University of Pittsburgh · USProfessional Analytical and Consulting Services (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Even with vaccine mandates, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy remains a concern among healthcare workers, in part due to their role in promoting vaccination among patients and communities. To examine COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, acceptance, and promotion among healthcare workers, we conducted a mixed-methods analysis of (1) survey responses about COVID-19 vaccination and (2) Twitter messages (i.e., tweets) relevant to COVID-19 vaccination and healthcare. A total of 540 hospital employees completed the survey. Those that completed less than 80% of the survey or did not endorse employment at the hospital were excluded, resulting in a total of 511 valid responses; 93.2% reported receiving at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. Approximately 1/3 of vaccinated individuals indicated they posted about receiving the vaccine on social media. Simultaneously, we analyzed a sample of 3845 tweets; 2299 (60%) were relevant to COVID-19 vaccination and 1863 (81%) were coded as authored by an individual. Of tweets authored by an individual, 6% (n = 106) were authored by a healthcare provider/health sciences student. Among relevant tweets, the most frequent code across all sentiment categories was related to the pharmaceutical industry (n = 529 tweets, 28%; n = 33, 31% of tweets authored by healthcare workers). Triangulation of results found themes including vaccine access, trust, and vaccine safety or negative health impacts. Results suggest that promoting the sharing of COVID-19 vaccine personal narratives on social media, combined with interventions targeting specific reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and emphasizing freedom from fear once vaccinated could be effective at reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among this population.

Indexed as

COVID-19VaccinesCOVID-19 VaccinesHealth PersonnelHumansVaccinationVaccination HesitancyCOVID-19 VaccinesVaccinesCOVID-19HealthcareHealth communicationSocial mediaVaccine hesitancy

Identifiers

PMID35676390
OpenAlexW4281612809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.