SynthesisUrolithiasis2022
Complications and outcomes of tubeless versus nephrostomy tube in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Synthesis in Urolithiasis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of standard vs. tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy in pediatric populations: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC urology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of various endosurgical procedures for management of large renal stone: a systemic review and network meta-analysis of randomised control trials.Urolithiasis · 2023Pooled it
- Prevention of ureteral stone migration during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a randomized controlled trial.World journal of urology · 2026Trial
- A Study on the application of 3D printing technology in percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of complex kidney stones.Urolithiasis · 2026Trial
- Evaluating the safety of bipolar nephrostomy tract cauterization "BNTC" towards a safe tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a randomized controlled trial.Urolithiasis · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Rare Case of Delayed Bleeding Occurring 8 Years After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Angioembolization: A Case Report and Current Literature Review.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- An intraoperative methylene blue test can guide patient selection for totally tubeless PCNL.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Evolution of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) from Standard to Miniaturized and Ultra-Mini Techniques: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Evidence-based practice and future development of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in urology: a multidimensional assessment based on the GRADE system.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Review
- Pain management in percutaneous nephrolithotomy - an approach rooted in pathophysiology.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Thulium laser-based hemostasis during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective observational multicentric study.International urology and nephrology · 2025Observational
- Article
- Is Totally Tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy a Safe and Efficacious Option for Complex Stone Disease?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Tubeless PCNL versus standard PCNL for the treatment of upper urinary tract stones: a propensity score matching analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Complications of tubeless versus standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Current advances in pain regimens for percutaneous nephrolithotomy A comprehensive review.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We aimed to perform a systematic review of randomized trials to summarize the evidence on the safety and stone-free rate after Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) (ureteral stent/catheter, no nephrostomy) compared to Standard PCNL (nephrostomy, with/without ureteral stent/catheter) to evaluate if the tubeless approach is better. The inverse variance of the mean difference with a random effect, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and p values was used for continuous variables. Categorical variables were assessed using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method with the random effect model, and reported as Risk Ratio (RR), 95% CI, and p values. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 and a 95% CI. 26 studies were included. Mean operative time was significantly shorter in the Tubeless group (MD-5.18 min, 95% CI - 6.56, - 3.80, p < 0.00001). Mean postoperative length of stay was also significantly shorter in the Tubeless group (MD-1.10 day, 95% CI - 1.48, - 0.71, p < 0.00001). Incidence of blood transfusion, angioembolization for bleeding control, pain score at the first postoperative day, the number of patients requiring postoperative pain medication, fever, urinary infections, sepsis, perirenal fluid collection, pleural breach, hospital readmission, and SFR did not differ between the two groups. Incidence of postoperative urinary fistula was significantly lower in the Tubeless group (RR 0.18, 95% CI 0.07, 0.47, p = 0.0005). This systematic review shows that tubeless PCNL can be safely performed and the standout benefits are shorter operative time and hospital stay, and a lower rate of postoperative urinary fistula.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.