ArticlePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology2023
Childhood cancer survival and avoided deaths in Australia, 1983-2016.
Article in Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Subsequent Primary Neoplasms and Mortality Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer in Alberta, Canada.Cancers · 2026Article
- The Reliability of Measuring Muscle Cross-Sectional Area in Children Undergoing Treatment for Musculoskeletal Sarcoma.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
- Digital Health in Pediatric Oncology and Hematooncology: A Quasi-Systematic Review of Telehealth, mHealth and Precision Medicine.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- Changes in body mass index during chemotherapy are positively associated with height outcome in childhood cancer survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Endocrine journal · 2025Article
- Exploring childhood cancer survivor, parent, healthcare and community professionals' experiences of, and priorities for, using digital health to engage in physical activity: a mixed methods study.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Risky, protective, and screening health behaviours among childhood cancer survivors: A cross-sectional survey in Australia and New Zealand.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Current gaps in knowledge and future research directions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children with cancer.The Medical journal of Australia · 2025Review
- Article
- Missed or Delayed Diagnosis of Heart Disease by the General Pediatrician.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Co-Design and Evaluation Protocol for the RECOVER Model of Care After Childhood Cancer Treatment.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Survival analysis of haematologic neoplasms in children and adolescents: a population-based study in a state of the Brazilian Legal Amazon.Ecancermedicalscience · 2024Article
- Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses for the Optimization of Thawing Regimes during Conventional Cryopreservation of Mature and Immature Human Testicular Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Childhood cancer survival and avoided deaths in Australia, 1983-2016.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2023Article
- Data resource profile: The Life and health After Childhood cancEr (LACE) project.International journal of population data science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLarge improvements in childhood cancer survival have been reported over recent decades. Data from cancer registries have the advantage of providing a 'whole of population' approach to gauge the success of cancer control efforts.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate recent survival estimates for children diagnosed with cancer Australia and to examine the extent of changes in survival over the last 35 years. For the first time, we also estimated the number of deaths among Australian children that were potentially avoided due to improvements in survival.
methodsA retrospective, population-based cohort study design was used. Case information was extracted from the Australian Childhood Cancer Registry for 1983-2016, with follow-up to 31 December 2017. Eligible children were aged 0-14 with a basis of diagnosis other than autopsy or death certificate only. Five-year relative survival was calculated using the semi-complete cohort method for three diagnosis periods (1983-1994, 1995-2006 and 2007-2016), and changes in survival over time were assessed via flexible parametric models. Avoided deaths within 5 years for those diagnosed between 1995 and 2016 were estimated under the assumption that survival rates remained the same as for 1983-1994.
resultsOverall 5-year survival within the study cohort (n = 20,871) increased from 72.8% between 1983 and1994 to 86.1% between 2007 and 2016, equating to an adjusted excess mortality hazard ratio of 1.82 (95% confidence interval 1.67, 1.97). Most cancers showed improvements in survival; other gliomas, hepatoblastoma and osteosarcoma were exceptions. Among children diagnosed between 1995 and 2016, 38.7% of expected deaths within 5 years of diagnosis (n = 1537 of 3970) were avoided due to temporal improvements in survival.
conclusionsSurvival for childhood cancer has continued to improve over recent years, thanks mainly to ongoing progress in treatment development combined with improved supportive care. Providing innovative measures of survival, such as avoided deaths, may assist with understanding outcome data produced by cancer registries.
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