Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35672457›Full record

ReviewEye (London, England)2022

Changes in aqueous and vitreous inflammatory cytokine levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ryan H Mason, Samuel A Minaker, Gabriela Lahaie Luna, Priya Bapat, Armin Farahvash, Anubhav Garg, Nishaant Bhambra, Rajeev H Muni

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Eye (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ryan H MasonDepartment of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Samuel A MinakerDepartment of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Gabriela Lahaie LunaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Priya BapatDepartment of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Armin FarahvashDepartment of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Anubhav GargDepartment of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Nishaant BhambraDepartment of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4966-6578
Rajeev H MuniDepartment of Ophthalmology, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. rajeev.muni@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0465-6472
St. Michael's Hospital · CAQueen's University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetic retinopathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, where in its most advanced form ischemic changes lead to the development of retinal neovascularization, termed proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). While the development of PDR is often associated with angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines, studies differ on which cytokines are implicated in disease pathogenesis and on the strength of these associations. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the existing body of data on intraocular cytokines as biomarkers in PDR.

methodsA comprehensive search of the literature without year limitation was conducted to January 18, 2021, which identified 341 studies assessing vitreous or aqueous cytokine levels in PDR, accounting for 10379 eyes with PDR and 6269 eyes from healthy controls. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMD) of cytokine concentrations between PDR and control patients.

resultsConcentrations (SMD, 95% confidence interval, and p-value) of aqueous IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, TNF-α, and VEGF, and vitreous IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, angiopoietin-2, eotaxin, erythropoietin, GM-CSF, GRO, HMGB-1, IFN-γ, IGF, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1, MMP-9, PDGF-AA, PlGF, sCD40L, SDF-1, sICAM-1, sVEGFR, TIMP, TNF-α, and VEGF were significantly higher in patients with PDR when compared to healthy nondiabetic controls. For all other cytokines no differences, failed sensitivity analyses or insufficient data were found.

conclusionsThis extensive list of cytokines speaks to the complexity of PDR pathogenesis, and informs future investigations into disease pathogenesis, prognosis, and management.

Identifiers

PMID35672457
OpenAlexW4281729015

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.