ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2022
Dairy foods, calcium intakes, and risk of incident prostate cancer in Adventist Health Study-2.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global, country, and regional cancer burden attributable to dietary risk: Results from the global burden of disease study 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Dairy-Derived Bioactive Peptides and the Risk of Prostate Cancer among Iranian Men: A Case-Control Study.Preventive nutrition and food science · 2025Article
- Longitudinal associations between vegetarian dietary habits and site-specific cancers in the Adventist Health Study-2 North American cohort.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Periprostatic Adipose Tissue as a Contributor to Prostate Cancer Pathogenesis: A Narrative Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- Mechanistic Insights into the Biological Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Walnut (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Enrichment of C17:0-rich saturated fatty acids from sheep tail fat for adjuvant therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer.Food science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- National trends in nine key minerals intake (quantity and source) among U.S. adults, 1999 to march 2020.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- The Dairy and Cancer Controversy: Milking the Evidence.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- Effect of iron and calcium on radiation sensitivity in prostate cancer patients relative to controls.Mutagenesis · 2023Article
- Emerging Relationship between the Gut Microbiome and Prostate Cancer.The world journal of men's health · 2023Review
- Associations of intakes of total protein, protein from dairy sources, and dietary calcium with risks of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer: a prospective analysis in UK Biobank.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Low-fat dairy consumption and the risk of lung cancer: A large prospective cohort study.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Perspective: Plant-Based Meat Alternatives Can Help Facilitate and Maintain a Lower Animal to Plant Protein Intake Ratio.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- The Role of Cow's Milk Consumption in Breast Cancer Initiation and Progression.Current nutrition reports · 2023Review
- Development and Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire for Evaluating the Nutritional Status of Patients with Cancer.Nutrients · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProstate cancer is the most common noncutaneous cancer in American males. Causal links between dairy, or dietary calcium, and this cancer are considered suggestive but limited.
objectivesTo evaluate these associations in a large North American cohort, including many with no (or very low) dairy intake and much calcium from nondairy sources.
methodsA prospective cohort study of 28,737 Seventh-day Adventist men in the United States and Canada, of whom 6389 were of black ethnicity. Diet was measured by FFQ, and 275 male participants also provided repeated 24-h dietary recalls as a calibration substudy. Incident cancers were mainly found by matching with cancer registries. Analyses used multivariable proportional hazards regressions and regression calibration for some analyses.
resultsIn total, 1254 (190 advanced) incident prostate cancer cases were found during an average 7.8 y of follow-up. Men at the 90th percentile of dairy intake (430 g/d) compared with the 10th percentile (20.2 g/d) had higher prostate cancer risk (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.43). Similar findings, comparing the same g/d intakes, were demonstrated for advanced prostate cancers (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.88), for nonadvanced cases (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.45), in black participants (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.58), and when excluding vegan participants (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.43). Calibrated dairy (g/d) regressions (all participants and all prostate cancers), adjusting for dietary measurement error, found a HR of 1.75 (95% CI: 1.32, 2.32). Comparing 90th percentile intake to zero intakes (uncalibrated), the HR was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.26, 2.05). There was no evidence of an effect of higher (905 mg/d) compared with lower (349 mg/d) intakes of nondairy calcium (HR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.44).
conclusionsMen with higher intake of dairy foods, but not nondairy calcium, had a higher risk of prostate cancer compared with men having lower intakes. Associations were nonlinear, suggesting greatest increases in risk at relatively low doses.
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