ArticleJournal of environmental health science & engineering2022
Heavy metal contaminated soil, water, and vegetables in northeastern Iran: potential health risk factors.
Article in Journal of environmental health science & engineering, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging role of osmoprotectant glycine betaine to mitigate heavy metals toxicity in plants: a systematic review.Biologia futura · 2024Pooled it
- Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in bread from Iranian markets using Monte Carlo simulation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Health risk assessment upon exposure to groundwater arsenic among individuals of different sex and age groups of Vaishali district, Bihar (India).Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Assessment of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in biological and environmental matrices in dairy production systems in Isfahan, Iran.Iranian journal of veterinary research · 2025Article
- Article
- Human health risk assessment of potentially toxic and essential elements in medicinal plants consumed in Zabol, Iran, using the Monte Carlo simulation method.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Assessment of environmental and health risks of potentially toxic elements associated with desert dust particles affected by industrial activities in Isfahan metropolitan.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comprehensive approach integrating water quality index and toxic element analysis for environmental and health risk assessment enhanced by simulation techniques.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2024Article
- Assessing heavy metal contamination and health risks in playground dust near cement factory: exposure levels in children.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2024Article
- Advanced approach combines integrated weight water quality index and potential toxic elements for environmental and health risk assessment supported by simulation technique in Oued Souf, Algeria.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Assessing the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of metals in the drinking water of Isfahan, Iran.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- New approach into human health risk assessment associated with heavy metals in surface water and groundwater using Monte Carlo Method.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prediction of human health risk and disability-adjusted life years induced by heavy metals exposure through drinking water in Fars Province, Iran.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Analysis of the concentration of heavy metals in soil, vegetables and water around the bole Lemi industry park, Ethiopia.Heliyon · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: This study was designed to measure the concentrations of heavy (Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn) metals in water, soil, and frequently edible leafy vegetables in the Iranian population and assessed the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk in consumers. Methods: The samples of soil, water, and vegetables were collected from forms near the Tehran-Mashhad highway in Neyshabur, Iran. The content of heavy metals in the samples was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Results: The average concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn were 5.56, 3.35, 4.74, 2.95, and 5.27 mg/kg, respectively. Lead concentration in all of the vegetable samples was higher than the permissible value endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO) / Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In contrast, the concentrations of all the other heavy metals in the samples were less than the maximum permissible levels recommended by WHO/FAO. Similarly, the water and soil samples were highly contaminated by Lead. The hazard quotient (HQ) of all the heavy metals was distinctively less than one, and it did not exceed 0.3 in any of the age groups. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk for nickel was only higher than the recommended value, especially in women. Conclusion: While it seems that consuming vegetables has no acute health risk related to heavy metals, long-term and regular ingestion of the vegetables are likely to make cancer risk. Besides, due to the high concentration of Pb in soil and vegetables, regular and integrated assessment of heavy metals in soil, water, and food is necessary.
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