ReviewNature reviews. Drug discovery2022
Thinking outside the box: non-canonical targets in multiple sclerosis.
Review in Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- The potential and therapeutic advances of the integrin family in neurological disorders.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Strategies for blood-brain barrier rejuvenation and repair.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Rethinking MS Therapeutics: From Disease Pathogenesis Mechanisms to AI-Driven Drug Discovery.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Signatures Reveal Stage-Specific Biomarkers for High-Activity Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle-derived miR-760 as a novel promising candidate biomarker differentiating stable RRMS from SPMS.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Translational molecular imaging and drug development in multiple sclerosis.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Copper Homeostasis and Cuproptosis in Neurological Disorders.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Mediterranean Pattern Diet in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review Focusing on Immunometabolites.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of cGAS-STING Axis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Related Diseases in Humans: A Comprehensive Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Bridging Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies.Cureus · 2026Review
- Fisetin Mitigates Ferroptosis and Promotes Remyelination in a Cuprizone Model of Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in microglia exacerbates demyelination and neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis: insights from humans and cuprizone-induced demyelination model mice.Cell death and differentiation · 2025Article
- The Potential of β-Synuclein-Specific Regulatory T Cell Therapy as a Treatment for Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Post-onset intermittent fasting attenuates neuroinflammation and demyelination via a TRIB3-PERK-autophagy axis in an EAE model of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Microbiota-Derived SCFAs in Multiple Sclerosis: From Immune Priming to Neurodegeneration.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Significant Suppression of Multiple Sclerosis in the Mouse EAE Model Using the PrC-210 Aminothiol.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Fumarate-based drugs protect against neuroinflammation via upregulation of anti-ferroptotic pathways.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Nanoparticle-boosted myeloid-derived suppressor cell therapy for immune reprogramming in multiple sclerosis.Science advances · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of ublituximab for relapsing multiple sclerosis patients: current evidence and expert opinion.Journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Intermittent loss of anti-HBc antibodies in people with multiple sclerosis undergoing disease-modifying therapies.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system that causes demyelination, axonal degeneration and astrogliosis, resulting in progressive neurological disability. Fuelled by an evolving understanding of MS immunopathogenesis, the range of available immunotherapies for clinical use has expanded over the past two decades. However, MS remains an incurable disease and even targeted immunotherapies often fail to control insidious disease progression, indicating the need for new and exceptional therapeutic options beyond the established immunological landscape. In this Review, we highlight such non-canonical targets in preclinical MS research with a focus on five highly promising areas: oligodendrocytes; the blood-brain barrier; metabolites and cellular metabolism; the coagulation system; and tolerance induction. Recent findings in these areas may guide the field towards novel targets for future therapeutic approaches in MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.