Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35667706›Full record

ArticleBMJ open quality2022

Defining case management success: a qualitative study of case manager perspectives from a large-scale health and social needs support program.

Margae Knox, Emily E Esteban, Elizabeth A Hernandez, Mark D Fleming, Nadia Safaeinilli, Amanda L Brewster

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open quality, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Five Milestones to Addressing Rural Veteran Care Coordination, Care Management, and Case Management Needs: An Integrated Case Management Practice Framework.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Margae KnoxSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA margae@berkeley.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-5234-8610
Emily E EstebanContra Costa Health Services, Martinez, California, USA.
Elizabeth A HernandezContra Costa Health Services, Martinez, California, USA.
Mark D FlemingSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
Nadia SafaeinilliSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
Amanda L BrewsterSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
Berkeley Public Health Division · USContra Costa Health Services · US

Funding

UC Berkeley-UCSF Health Services Research Training ProgramT32HS022241 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI RODRIGUEZ, HECTOR P. · 2013 to 2024
$3.2M
The Effectiveness of Patient Navigation to Address Social and Behavioral Health Needs for Emergency Department High Utilizers.K01HS027648 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI FLEMING, MARK · 2020 to 2024
$787k
AHRQ HHS K01 HS027648AHRQ HHS T32 HS022241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveHealth systems are expanding efforts to address health and social risks, although the heterogeneity of early evidence indicates need for more nuanced exploration of how such programs work and how to holistically assess program success. This qualitative study aims to identify characteristics of success in a large-scale, health and social needs case management program from the perspective of interdisciplinary case managers.

settingCase management program for high-risk, complex patients run by an integrated, county-based public health system.

participants30 out of 70 case managers, purposively sampled to represent their interdisciplinary health and social work backgrounds. Interviews took place in March-November 2019. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The analysis intended to identify characteristics of success working with patients.

resultsCase managers described three characteristics of success working with patients: (1) establishing trust; (2) observing change in patients' mindset or initiative and (3) promoting stability and independence. Cross-cutting these characteristics, case managers emphasised the importance of patients defining their own success, often demonstrated through individualised, incremental progress. Thus, moments of success commonly contrasted with external perceptions and operational or productivity metrics.

conclusionsThemes emphasise the importance of compassion for complexity in patients' lives, and success as a step-by-step process that is built over longitudinal relationships.

Indexed as

Case ManagersCase ManagementHumansQualitative ResearchSocial WorkTrustHealth policyHealth services researchManagementPatient-centred careQualitative research

Identifiers

PMID35667706
PMCPMC9171266
OpenAlexW4281735345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.