ArticleArchives of toxicology2022
Are the current commercially available oximes capable of reactivating acetylcholinesterase inhibited by the nerve agents of the A-series?
Article in Archives of toxicology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Isatin-pyridine oxime hybrids as potential reactivators of A-242-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Hydrolysis mechanisms for A-series (Novichok) nerve agents at different pH V and computational simulant screening.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Challenges and advances in the development of antidotes against A-series nerve agents.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Accelerating countermeasure candidate discovery for A-series chemical warfare agent exposure.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Synthesis and in vitro assessment of the reactivation profile of clinically available oximes on the acetylcholinesterase model inhibited by A-230 nerve agent surrogate.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Underestimations in the In Silico-Predicted Toxicities of V-Agents.Journal of xenobiotics · 2023Article
- A-agents, misleadingly known as "Novichoks": a narrative review.Archives of toxicology · 2023Review
- Review of Possible Therapies in Treatment of Novichoks Poisoning and HAZMAT/CBRNE Approaches: State of the Art.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- A complete, evidence-based review on novichok poisoning based on epidemiological aspects and clinical management.Frontiers in toxicology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The misuse of novichok agents in assassination attempts has been reported in the international media since 2018. These relatively new class of neurotoxic agents is claimed to be more toxic than the agents of the G and V series and so far, there is no report yet in literature about potential antidotes against them. To shed some light into this issue, we report here the design and synthesis of NTMGMP, a surrogate of A-242 and also the first surrogate of a novichok agent useful for experimental evaluation of antidotes. Furthermore, the efficiency of the current commercial oximes to reactivate NTMGMP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was evaluated. The Ellman test was used to confirm the complete inhibition of AChE, and to compare the subsequent rates of reactivation in vitro as well as to evaluate aging. In parallel, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and MM-PBSA studies were performed on a computational model of the human AChE (HssAChE)/NTMGMP complex to assess the reactivation performances of the commercial oximes in silico. Experimental and theoretical studies matched the exact hierarchy of efficiency and pointed to trimedoxime as the most promising commercial oxime for reactivation of AChE inhibited by A-242.
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