ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2022
Disrupted Causal Connectivity Anchored on the Right Anterior Insula in Drug-Naive First-Episode Patients With Depressive Disorder.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inter-network Effective Connectivity During an Emotional Working Memory Task in Two Independent Samples of Young Adults.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Trauma Timing and Its Impact on Brain Activation During Flexible Emotion Regulation in PTSD: Insights From Functional MRI.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Article
- Cognitive implications of white matter microstructural changes in individuals with low heart rate variability: a NODDI study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Hypoactive Visual Cortex, Prefrontal Cortex and Insula during Self-Face Recognition in Adults with First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder.Biomedicines · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Object: Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been demonstrated to be associated with abnormalities in neural networks. However, few studies examined information flow in the salience network (SN). This study examined abnormalities in the causal connectivity between the SN and whole brain in drug-naive first-episode patients with MDD in the resting state. Methods: Based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria, 23 drug-naive first-episode MDD patients and 20 matched healthy individuals were recruited and underwent a resting-state magnetic resonance scan. The acquired functional image data were preprocessed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data analysis toolkit plus (RESTplus). Then, using the data processing & analysis for brain imaging (DPABI) software and a coefficient-based general component analysis method with the right anterior insula (rAI) as the region of interest (ROI), the causal connectivity of the SN with the whole brain and its correlation with cognitive and mental performance were examined in the resting state. Results: (1) The MDD group showed a significantly higher Hamilton Depression Rating Scale total score and significantly higher scores for anxiety, cognitive disturbance, and block factors compared with normal controls. (2) Compared with control: from whole brain to the rAI, the MDD group showed a lower causal connectivity in the left inferior frontal gyrus; from the rAI to the whole brain, the MDD group showed a lower causal connectivity in the right cingulate gyrus, the right precuneus, and extending to paracentral lobule but higher causal connectivity in the left inferior and middle frontal gyrus. (3) In the MDD group, from rAI to the whole brain, the causal connectivity values for the right cingulate gyrus/precuneus were negatively correlated with the score of Stroop Color-Word Test A, B, and C as well as interference times. Conclusion: Our results indicated disrupted causal connectivity among the default mode network (DMN), the central executive network (CEN), and SN in drug-naive first-episode MDD patients. Especially, our results suggest a unique role for rAI in the ordered or hierarchical information processing, presumed to include bottom-up and top-down reciprocal influences among the three networks in MDD.
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