ArticleFrontiers in public health2022
Determinants of Infant Young Child Feeding Among Mothers of Malnourished Children in South Punjab, Pakistan: A Qualitative Study.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Exploring factors influencing complementary feeding practices in Asia from parents' and caregivers' perspectives: A qualitative systematic review.Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia · 2026Pooled it
- Mother's perception regarding insufficiency of breast-milk: a qualitative investigation in Haripur, Pakistan.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Suicide and Self-Harming Among Young Women: A Qualitative Exploratory Study in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Role of Maternal Empowerment in Addressing Child Malnutrition: Evidence from Asian Developing Countries.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring the Potential Causal Relationship Between Health Insurance Coverage and Child Nutritional Status in Pakistan: Evidence from PDHS-2018.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparison of infant and young child feeding practices and demographic characteristics between healthy and malnourished children aged 0-23 months in Pakistan.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- The law of diminishing marginal returns in health insurance: evidence on child health outcomes from Pakistan's Sehat Sahulat program.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association of feeding practices with growth in infants: a longitudinal observational study in a rural district of Pakistan.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Political Economy of Maternal Child Malnutrition: Experiences about Water, Food, and Nutrition Policies in Pakistan.Nutrients · 2024Article
- "An obedient wife never says "no" to her virtual god." High fertility conceptions and barriers to contraceptive use among mothers of Southern Pakistan: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association among Household Wealth, Maternal Employment, and Undernutrition in Children under Three Years of Age in Pakistan.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Barriers and coping responses towards infant and young child feeding practices in rural Ethiopia: a descriptive qualitative study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Impact of Drinking Water Source and Sanitation Facility on Malnutrition Prevalence in Children under Three: A Gender-Disaggregated Analysis Using PDHS 2017-18.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Comparison of Different Nutritional Screening Approaches and the Determinants of Malnutrition in Under-Five Children in a Marginalized District of Punjab Province, Pakistan.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Distance to Healthcare Facility and Lady Health Workers' Visits Reduce Malnutrition in under Five Children: A Case Study of a Disadvantaged Rural District in Pakistan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Rural mothers' beliefs and practices about diagnosis, treatment, and management of children health problems: A qualitative study in marginalized Southern Pakistan.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inadequate feeding is one of the most critical underlying determinants of child malnutrition. In this study, we explore infant young child feeding (IYCF) and deconstruct breastfeeding barriers in mothers of severely malnourished children in one of the most marginalized districts of Punjab province of Pakistan. Using purposive sampling, 20 lactating mothers are recruited for open-ended semi-structured interviews. Results reveal that barriers to immediate and exclusive breastfeeding include the introduction of pre-lacteal, butter, and cow or formula milk by mothers and grandmothers. Birthing difficulties and ritualizing prelacteal to transfer religion and culture cause the delay of early initiation of breastmilk. The colostrum is also discarded based on its weird physical look. Moreover, household circumstances, limited diet, extra workload, and mental stress associated with marital relationships are other significant barriers. Mothers perceive their breastmilk as thin, impotent, and of bad quality and often complain against breastmilk insufficiency due to general weakness. Furthermore, poor mothers reduce breastfeeding when the fertility burden is high, especially if a female baby is in their womb. Alternatively, outer milk is recommended but washing bottles with detergents often becomes frequent. In conclusion, immediacy, exclusivity, frequency, and duration of breastfeeding are circumscribed owing to multiple social, cultural, and economic causes. Therefore, a holistic approach combining cultural and structural causes might be more relevant for successful IYCF practices in marginalized communities of Pakistan.
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